HomeMy WebLinkAboutLR Proposed Recreation Parks System Plan for the City of San Rafael - January 1974CITY OF SAN RAFAEL
PARKS AND RECREATION DEPARTMENT
SAN RAFAEL, CALIFORNIA
A PROPOSED RECREATION PARKS SYSTEM PLAN
FOR THE
CITY OF SAN RAFAEL
Prepared By
Andrew J. Snyder, Jr.
Director of Parks and Recreation
January, 1974
r'CITY
OF
11SAN RAFAEL.-A'!
1400 FIFTH AVE, SAN RAFAEL, CALIF 949O2/PHONE: C415]456-1112
MAYOR
C. PAUL BETTINI
COUNCILMEN
FRED JENSEN
JOHN A. MISKIMEN
LAWRENCE E. MULRYAN
JACK G. NIXON
CITY MANAGER
WILLIAM J. BIELSER
January 21, 197+
Honorable Mayor and City Council
San Rafael, California
Members of the Council:
PARKS AND RECREATION DEPARTMENT
Presentation of a Proposed Recreation Parks
System Plan for the City of San Rafael
In accordance with your instructions, I am submitting a proposed Recreation Park
System Plan for the City of San Rafael which was prepared as a special assignment.
have attempted to make this study as comprehensive as possible in order to
provide a positive and meaningful foundation for the development of a long range
plan for recreation park areas and facilities. While the plan, as proposed, is
an ambitious one, it is only the first step in an attempt to establish a long
range plan and, as such, it is recognized that the proposals are subject to
modification. The study provides a basis for adoption of a policy concerning
future parks and recreation developments in the San Rafael area, and includes
material organized to permit any modifications and changes.
The report contains analysis of parks and recreation requirements for the San
Rafael Planning Area by the year 1990• Although I realize that those concerned
are not bound by any findings of this report, I recommend that the parks and
recreation plan, to be effective, should be officially adopted after suitable
time has been spent in review.
During the course of this study, I obtained data and assistance from many inter-
ested individuals and groups in the community. Special recognition is due
Dr. Robert McBride, Professor of Recreation Education at California State Uni-
versity, San Francisco, and a number of his field work students who conducted
inventories and compiled data for this report. Members of our own City staff
also provided assistance as required.
would like to thank the City Council for the opportunity they have given me
to do this research and prepare this study. I appreciate their confidence in
giving me this assignment, and sincerely hope the study will be of ultimate
benefit to the City of San Rafael.
Respectfully submitted,
V9D,4J R.
of Parks and Recreation
AJS/rb
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER
I. PURPOSE AND IMPORTANCE OF THE STUDY
PAGE
Purpose of the Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Importance of Planning Recreation Park Areas
and Facilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Parks and Recreation Services in San Rafael 3
Goals and Functions of the Parks and
Recreation Department . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Organization of the Parks and Recreation Department 7
San Rafael, Background and Characteristics . . . . . . 9
San Rafael Planning Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
II. RECREATION PARK LONG RANGE PLANNING
Objectives of Long Range Planning . . . . 15
Principles for Planning Recreation Parks . . . . . . . 17
Recreation Park Development Standards . . . . . . - . 20
Space Standards for Recreation Parks . . . . . . . . . 25
Ili. JOINT PLANNING OF RECREATION/SCHOOL PARKS
Recreation, Its Aims and Objectives . . . . . . . . . 38
Physical Education, Its Aims and Objectives. . . . . . 39
Role of the School in Recreation . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Park/School Concept in Planning Areas and Facilities 41
Need for Cooperative Planning. . . . . . . . . . . - 43
IV. RECREATION PARK RESOURCES AND METHODS OF ACQUISITION
AND FINANCING
Inventories of Existing Areas and Facilities . . . . . 44
Comparison of Existing Recreation Parks
and Standards . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
CHAPTER PAGE
Methods of Preserving Recreation Parks and
Open Space Lands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
Governmental Regulations and Programs . . . . . . . . 63
Methods of Financing Recreation Parks and
Open Space . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
V. THE ACTION PROGRAM
General Proposals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
Specific Proposals . . . . . . . . . . • . • • . • . . 77
Other Related Proposals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
BIBLIOGRAPHY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93/94
LIST OF TABLES & CHARTS
LIST OF MAPS
MAP I SAN RAFAEL PLANNING AREA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
MAP II EXISTING PUBLIC RECREATION PARK SITES. 47
MAP III EXISTING PUBLIC SCHOOL SITES . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
MAP IV RECREATION PARKS MASTER PLAN . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
PAGE
TABLE
I
PARKS & RECREATION DEPARTMENT ORGANIZATION CHART
8
TABLE
II
ORGANIZATIONAL CHART, CITY OF SAN RAFAEL . . . . .
. 11
TABLE
III
SAN RAFAEL'S BUDGET DOLLAR 1973/74 . . . . . . . .
. 12
TABLE
IV
CLASSIFICATION OF RECREATION PARKS BY POPULATION
RATIO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. 26
TABLE
V
NEIGHBORHOOD RECREATION PARK STANDARDS . . . . . .
. 27
TABLE
VI
COMMUNITY RECREATION PARK STANDARDS. . . . . . . .
. 28
TABLE
VII
CITY-WIDE RECREATION PARK FACILITIES STANDARDS . .
. 29/30
TABLE
VIII
SPECIAL USE RECREATION FACILITY STANDARDS. . . . .
. 31
TABLE
IX
RECREATIONAL STANDARDS FOR OPEN SPACE AREAS AND
FACILITIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. 33/37
TABLE
X
EXISTING PUBLIC RECREATION PARK AREAS AND
FACILITIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. 45
TABLE
XI
EXISTING PUBLIC SCHOOL AREAS AND FACILITIES.
48
TABLE
XII
RELATED AREAS AND FACILITIES NOT OPERATED BY
GOVERNMENT AGENCIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. 51/53
TABLE
XIII
MAJOR REGIONAL PARK AREAS AND FACILITIES
IN MAR I N COUNTY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. 54/56
LIST OF MAPS
MAP I SAN RAFAEL PLANNING AREA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
MAP II EXISTING PUBLIC RECREATION PARK SITES. 47
MAP III EXISTING PUBLIC SCHOOL SITES . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
MAP IV RECREATION PARKS MASTER PLAN . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
CHAPTER I
PURPOSE AND IMPORTANCE OF THE STUDY
I. PURPOSE AND SCOPE OF THE STUDY
The purpose of this study is to establish basic guidelines which can
be utilized by the City Council, Parks and Recreation Commission, Parks
and Recreation Department staff, planning officials, and others who are
interested in and concerned with the orderly and intelligent planning
and development of a comprehensive system of public parks and recreation
areas and facilities which will effectively serve the increasing leisure -
time interests and needs of the residents of the City of San Rafael.
The scope of this study shall include the following:
a. Determination of local trends and needs for recreation park areas,
facilities and services within the San Rafael Planning Area.
b. Inventory and evaluation of existing recreation park areas and
facilities and their relationship to acceptable standards.
C. Inventory and evaluation of related public, private and commercial
agencies and establishments which provide recreation and/or park
services within the planning area.
d. Establishment of objectives, principles and standards to guide the
long-range development of a City-wide recreation park system as an
element of the City of San Rafael General Plan.
e. Determination of the number, size, location and facilities of pro-
posed recreation park areas.
f. Preparation of written proposals which will guide the implementation
of the proposed recreation parks system long range plan.
II. IMPORTANCE OF PLANNING RECREATION PARK AREAS & FACILITIES
The provision of suitable recreation park areas properly located,
developed, equipped and maintained are essential to a successful
San Rafael Recreation Park Program.
Just as schools are necessary for public education, and hospitals are
needed to maintain public health, recreation park areas and facilities
are required to house a variety of public recreation/park services.
Since public recreation aims at meeting a wide range of interests, it
is natural that a recreation park system includes areas and facilities
of diversified character. These must be well planned and designed,
adequately equipped and staffed. Areas and facilities are tools with-
out which municipal recreation can not efficiently succeed.I
San Rafael, like many urban areas, faces a serious problem because of
the lack of an adequate and well-balanced system of recreation park
properties. Land, considered as a most valuable resource, is now
increasingly scarce, costly and in great demand. Land and water
areas of satisfactory size, properly distributed and developed through-
out the City of San Rafael, are indispensable to a well balanced muni-
cipal recreation park system.
1Harold Meyer and Charles Brightbill. Recreation Administration,
A Guide To Its Practices. (Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice -
Hall, Inc., 1956) p 254.
2
PARKS & RECREATION SERVICES IN SAN RAFAEL
The provision of recreation and parks services to serve the leisure -
time interests and desires of the people of San Rafael has become
acknowledged as one of the fundamental services of the San Rafael
municipal government. These services, financed primarily by taxation
and user fees, are established to provide for the happiness, protection,
and general welfare of all people regardless of age, sex, race, creed
or economic status.
In the City of San Rafael, the Department of Parks and Recreation is
charged with the responsibility for the planning, organization, develop-
ment and maintenance of all City parks and open space areas, and the
operation of all recreation programs and activities at parks, schools,
playgrounds, recreation centers, swimming pools, and other facilities
under its jurisdiction.
The San Rafael Parks and Recreation Department, through the development
of sound principles of recreation and park planning and administration,
seeks to provide the citizens of San Rafael with recreation experiences
which are socially satisfying, physically healthy, mentally stimulating,
and culturally creative.
The City Council, Parks and Recreation Commission and Department staff
believe that equal opportunity should be available to all citizens to
discover and enjoy the skills and benefits of sports, athletics, games,
aquatics, art, dance, drama, music, social recreation, public festivals,
outdoor recreation, and many other facets of our Great American Culture.
The Parks and Recreation Department recognizes its obligation to
serve children, youth and adults, regardless of age, being par-
ticularly aware of the potential influence of recreation on character
development and good citizenship.
The Parks and Recreation Department also recognizes its obligation to
acquire, control and safeguard those recreation and park areas, facil-
ities and services which should be publicly owned, controlled and oper-
ated.
The Parks and Recreation Department recognizes the necessity for cooper-
ating with, serving and assisting those community organizations and
agencies, business concerns, schools, and other public agencies which
are providing further segments of leisure -time recreation within the
City.
The Parks and Recreation Department, therefore, is greatly aware of its
obligations as an important and vital unit of local government and
endeavors to help in establishing community cohesiveness and harmony
through the operation of an efficient and dynamic agency.
IV. GOALS & FUNCTIONS OF THE PARKS & RECREATION DEPARTMENT
The Parks and Recreation Department has the following goals which
it strives to achieve:
a. Provision of the best possible recreation and park areas and
facilities distributed throughout the City to serve the leisure -
time interests of all citizens.
b. The development and operation of programs and activities which
provide the greatest possible participation in leisure -time
activities for the greatest number of people.
C. The maintenance of all public recreation and park areas and
facilities in the safest and best condition possible.
d. Cooperation with any and all organizations and agencies which
have as their goal the provision of activities or services for
the leisure of all children, teenagers, and adults.
The major functions of the Parks and Recreation Department are as
follows:
a. To execute responsibilities and duties according to the powers
delegated to the agency by the governmental jurisdiction.
b. To preserve, acquire, develop and manage recreation and park land
and water areas.
C. To plan, organize and conduct activity programs which bring desired
and satisfactory experiences to people.
d. To employ competent personnel who, through aptitude, preparation
and experience, are qualified to accomplish the purpose of the
agency, and to utilize the assistance of volunteers.
e. To procure, expend wisely and account for public funds which will
attain maximum services to the community.
f. To make periodic estimates of the effectiveness of the services
of the agency in relation to the needs of the people and the com-
munity.
g. To study the whole problem of recreation as it effects the welfare
of the people, and to interpret to the governing body and the com-
munity the role of the public recreation and park agency.
h. To encourage, establish and maintain understanding and cooperation
with public agencies, private organizations and the community at
large, utilizing all media of communication.
i
U. ORGANIZATION OF THE PARKS & RECREATION DEPARTMENT
The San Rafael Parks and Recreation Department is divided into three
major divisions. (Table I, Parks and Recreation Department Organizational
Chart, Page 8)
Administrative Division
It is the responsibility of this division to provide for the complete
administration, control and management of the Parks and Recreation
Department, including planning, organization, development, direction
and coordination of all department services and staff functions. The
division gives major emphasis to overall direction to all divisions
which make up the Parks and Recreation Department.
Parks Division
This division is charged with the responsibility of maintaining all
City -owned parks, open space and recreation areas and facilities dis-
tributed throughout the City of San Rafael. Although the division is
also responsible for the development of various capital improvement
projects, its main purpose is to insure the clean and orderly appearance
of grounds, structures and facilities, and to protect the health, safety
and convenience of all people using them.
Recreation Division
The recreation division is charged with the responsibility of conducting
a diversified program of public recreation activities and events for
persons of all ages. This program, conducted at both City and school -
owned indoor and outdoor areas and facilities, is active throughout the
year. It includes a wide range of games, sports and athletics, swimming
and aquatics, dance, drama, arts and crafts, music,hobbies, social activi-
ties, nature and outdoor recreation, playground programs, instructional
programs, special events, and various other recreational services.
7
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VI. SAN RAFAEL, BACKGROUND AND CHARACTERISTICS
Location
The City of San Rafael is located on U.S. Highway 101, seventeen miles
north of San Francisco in the east central portion of Marin County, and
is the County seat.
History
Don Timoteo Murphy, "the father of San Rafael", received three land grants
from the Mexican government, including all of what is now the City of San
Rafael. His hacienda, the first house in San Rafael, later served for many
years Ias Marin County's courthouse. Because of available water transport-
ation, a settlement sprang up after California was brought into the Union.
The development of San Francisco and the Northwestern Pacific Railroad
in 1884 spawned the growth of the community and, by the 1920's, San Rafael
was a pleasant small town of many elegant homes. The opening of the Golden
Gate Bridge in 1937 began San Rafael's modern period of dynamic growth.
The township of San Rafael was founded in 1850, incorporated in 1874, and
then in 1913 it became a Charter City.
Mission San Rafael Arcangel, the 20th of the 21 California Missions, was
founded in 1817. The site, located near the San Rafael downtown business
section, was chosen for its healthful climate because the Mission was intended
to be a health rehabilitation center. In 1949, a replica of the Mission was
built on the original site of the Mission.
Climate
San Rafael has a moderate Mediterranean -like climate with an average
minimum temperature of 470 to a maximum 69.2°. The average rainfall is�6.
inches per year, concentrated primarily during the winter and spring months.
Population
The population of the City of San Rafael at the present time is approxi-
mately 44, 673. Population forecasts for the City of San Rafael Planning
Area, according to the "1973 Marin County -wide Plan", estimate that the
growth in population by 1980 will be about 70,900, and by 1990 it will
increase to approximately 80,700 persons.
POPULATION PAST & PROJECTED
San Rafael Planning Area
Las Gallinas Valley
San Rafael Basin
Population Totals
1970
1980
1990
25,800
33,200
39,700
31,600
37,700
41,000
57,400
70,900
80,700
(Marin County -wide Plan, 1973 - Prepared by Marin Co. Planning Dept.)
The City, at the present time, encompasses an area of 20.87 square miles,
including 14.97 square miles of land and 5.90 square miles of water.
The average income per household is over $16,000 per year. According to
the 1970 census, San Rafael had the highest annual income in the State
of California.
City Government
The City has Mayor -Council, City Manager form of government. (Table II,
City Organizational Chart, page 11).
City Tax Rate and Assessed Valuation
The City tax rate for the fiscal year 1973/74 is $1.02 per $100 assessed
valuation. The total assessed valuation is $183,709,749. (Table III,
San Rafael's Budget Dollar - Revenue and Expenditures, 1973/74, page 12).
10
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Where it Comes From
Other
Investment
Earnings
Revenue from
Other Agencies
AND Where it Goes
SAN RAFAEL'S BUDGET DOLLAR
General
Government, 5.7G
Capital 16.2
Improvements
14.31
TABLE III
Property Taxes
Sales Taxes
t
1
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Licenses & Permits, etc.
'� Gas Tax
Police
15.51
Fire
16.4
12.4 �— Public Works
City Hall & _
� 11.21 �
Non -Departmental 5.5 ��Library
12
T
Parks & Recreation
-- Retirement & Bond Redemptions
COMPARATIVE STATISTICS
YEAR
TAX RATE
ASSESSED VALUATION
POPULATION
1969/70
.86
125,762,315
36,500
1970/71
.903
138,669,147
38,977
1971/72
.90
153,660,614
38,977
1972/73
.92
165,884,749
39,600
1973/74
1.020
183,709,749
44,673
12
VII. SAN RAFAEL PLANNING AREA
The limits of the San Rafael Planning Area have been set to include
the City of San Rafael and adjacent lands closely related and of direct
concern to the City. The San Rafael Planning Area includes the entire
drainage basin of Gallinas Creek and all of the land draining into the
San Rafael Creek. The northern, western and southern boundaries of the
Planning Area follow ridgelines marking the limits of these drainage
areas. On the east, the Planning Area extends to the deep water in
San Francisco Bay.2 (Map I, San Rafael Planning Area, page 14).
2San Rafael General Plan, 1966, pg. 4
S A N
RAFAEL
PLANNING
AREA
MAP PREPARED BY
PLANNING DEPARTMENT
CITY OF
SAN RAFAEL
NO VA TO
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01 �D G 6
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IL S
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14
CHAPTER II
RECREATION PARK LONG RANGE PLANNING
I. OBJECTIVES OF LONG RANGE PLANNING
Effective integration of recreation areas in a city plan for the
acquisition and development of recreation park space must be based
upon accepted objectives, principles and standards. Essential elements
in effective planning for a system of public recreation park areas are:
a. Definite objectives to be achieved by the system.
b. Basic principles that are essential to achieve them.
C. Specific standards for implementing these principles.
A well balanced recreation park system is achieved when it is designed
to meet the following criteria:
a. Provide areas and facilities that make possible a great variety
of recreation activities and opportunities for all, regardless
of age, color, race, creed, or economic status.
b. Include areas that are equally distributed, that differ widely
in size, location, natural features and potential development,
and that consequently serve different recreation uses.
C. Provide a playground as near as possible to the center of every
residential neighborhood, preferably at or adjoining the elementary
school, for use day by day and during brief periods of leisure.
d. Provide other areas that require more space at a greater distance
from the homes of people and develop them for recreation activities
that require longer periods of use.
e. Take into account existing outlying recreation areas and facilities
that serve the people of the locality and where advisable include
additional extra urban areas primarily for weekend and holiday use.
15
f. Study and appraise existing local recreation resources and needs
with the full cooperation of citizens, schools, planning authorities,
and other interested agencies.2
Planning is the means to attain maximum returns in terms of the recreational
objectives for the benefit of all the people in the community. Adequate
recreation planning helps assure consistency of the standards of operation.
Further, it should facilitate orderly growth and development of services
provided within the municipal recreation agency. Long range planning
protects the public interest by encouraging people to plan for future
needs.
The public recreation agency, in carrying out its planning functions,
must determine the vested legal authority for formulation, adoption
and execution of plans which assure successful completion of the
planning process. Secondly, involvement of total community resources
must be obtained, such as those possessed by schools, local agencies,
commercial recreation interests, and others, and integrate this planning
process with other plans affecting the community recreation program or
facilities. Most importantly, the plans must be flexible, dynamic, and
adaptable to change, recognizing that planning is a continuous process.3
2Municipal Recreation Administration (Fourth Edition, Chicago: The
International City Managers Assoc., 1960) p 62-63
3State of California Recreation Commission. Public RAecreation and Parks
in California. Principles and Current Practices (Publication 56-4.
Sacramento: State of California Recreation Commission, 1957), p 26•
I
II. PRINCIPLES FOR PLANNING RECREATION PARKS
With the planning objectives understood and agreed, the community
more specifically needs guiding principles to determine the general
approach to the selection and location of various types of recreation
and park facilities; to establish the relationship of one site to
another in the total complex of recreation areas; and to establish the
relationship of the entire recreation system to other physical elements
of the city or urban plan.
Not to be confused with principles are the standards that serve as
measures of the quality of particular recreation areas. A principle
governs the general location of the area, whereas the standard concerns
the details - what size it should be, what facilities should it include,
and how large an area it should serve. Principles and standards together
constitute the basic tools required for planning a public recreation system.
The California Committee on Planning for Recreation, Parks, Areas and
Facilities, which was composed of outstanding leaders in recreation,
education, planning and related fields, submitted 14 basic principles
dealing with the broader aspects of physical planning for recreation
park areas and facilities. They are regarded as accepted guiding prin-
ciples for recreation and park planning.
1. A recreation park system should provide opportunities for all the
people.
2. Planning for recreation parks and facilities should be based
initially upon comprehensive and thorough evaluation of existing
trends; thereafter, periodic review, re-evaluation, and revision
of long range plans should follow.
3. Facilities and services provided by private agencies and commercial
17
recreation enterprises to meet leisure needs should be carefully
evaluated by the public agency before plans for new areas are
prepared so that there is proper relationship and duplication
is avoided.
4. Planning for recreation parks and facilities should be undertaken
with full cooperation of the citizens so that the recreation system
may reflect their thinking concerning the needs and interests of
all groups.
5. Recreation parks and facilities for a city should be planned as
related parts of a unified, well-balanced system to serve the
entire area.
6. The recreation plan, showing both existing and proposed areas and
facilities, should be integrated with all other sections of the
master plan of the locality.
7. Planning for areas and facilities should encompass areas beyond a
city or other areas related to it.
8. Each recreation center or park should be centrally located within
the area it is planned to serve, and should be provided with safe
and convenient access for all residents of the area.
9. Within a particular recreation park the location, size and design
of activity areas and facilities should be regarded as flexible,
so as to be adaptable to changes in the population served and in
,the program offered to meet changing needs.
10. Beauty and functional efficiency should compliment each other and
should be equally important goals.
11. Land for recreation areas and facilities should be acquired or
reserved well in advance of the development of an area.
."
12. Space standards should be met and the land acquired even if the
limited financial resources of a recreation agency oblige it to
delay complete development.
13. Selection or acceptance of sites should be based on their suitability
for intended purposes as indicated in the over-all plan for the
recreation system.
14. Recreation parks should be lands dedicated and held inviolate
in perpetuity, protected by law against diversion to non -recreation
purposes and against invasion by inappropriate uses.
Generally speaking, a plan precedes almost anything that is constructed.
The character of that plan varies from a mere idea to complete set of
blueprints and carefully prepared specifications. Projected plans based
upon foreseeable future needs can be preliminary only and must be reviewed
prior to execution. This is essential in order that plans may be related
to actual current conditions. Planning is essential and is the responsi-
bility of the public through its officials.4
41bid., p 27.
19
III. RECREATION PARK DEVELOPMENT STANDARDS
Experience in the field of municipal recreation has provided recreation
park planners with information relating to the amount and type of rec-
reational land and facilities required to meet the needs of the people
they intend to serve.
The following is a general description of the types of recreation parks,
facilities, and related areas which can be used as a guide in the selection
and acquisition of recreational lands within the San Rafael Planning Area:
a. Neighborhood Recreation Park
A neighborhood is an area generally served by an elementary school.
A neighborhood recreation park may be either a combination elementary
school and park or a separate recreation park development. An example
of the kinds of facilities provided is as follows:
Outdoor Facilities - Play lot for pre-school; play areas for elementary
school children; multi -use sports field; paved areas for court games;
family picnic and barbecue areas; park areas for free play; quiet areas;
restrooms; off-street parking, etc.
Indoor Facilities - A neighborhood recreation center building or
school building available for community recreational use.
b. Community Recreation Park
A community is an area consisting of two or more neighborhoods which
are served by one or more secondary schools. A community recreation
park may be either a combination secondary school and park or a
separate recreation park development. Example of facilities provided
includes:
20
Outdoor Facilities - Sports fields with night lighting; play areas
for pre-school and elementary school children; paved areas for a
variety of court games; park area for free play; individual and
group picnic and barbecue areas; areas for special events; restrooms;
natural area; quiet area; regulation swimming pool; and off-street
parking, etc.
Indoor Facilities - Either a community recreation center building
or school building available for community recreational use.
c. City-wide Recreation Park
Serves the entire population of the city. A city-wide park provides
the following kinds of facilities:
Outdoor Facilities - Large open space and natural areas; family and
group picnic and barbecue areas; play areas for pre-school and elem-
entary school children; day camping areas; lighted sports fields;
paved areas for court games; outdoor theater; children's zoo; hiking
trails; golf course; jogging path; bicycling paths; swimming pool;
miniature golf; bowling greens; nature study area; water oriented
activity areas; concession facilities; restrooms; parking areas, etc.
Indoor Facilities - Museums, nature centers, auditoriums, theater,
clubhouse, etc.
Note: Large, city-wide parks can also serve regional leisure -time
interests.
d. Regional Recreation Parks
A region is defined as a large geographic area which serves the
residents of one or more municipalities, and as a result of size,
location, characteristics or mutual interest, make it desirable
that their acquisition development and operation be undertaken by
one or more governmental agencies. A regional park provides both
21
active and passive outdoor recreational facilities listed as
follows:
Outdoor Facilities - Scenic drives; picnic and barbecue facilities;
nature walks; hiking trails; vista areas; equestrian trails; day
and overnight camping; swimming; fishing; boating, and other water -
oriented activities; bicycle paths, wildlife sanctuaries; farmyard
zoo; golf course; rifle and archery ranges; animal exhibits; nature
preserves; historic site structures; concessions; restrooms; parking
areas, etc.
Indoor Facilities - Clubhouse at golf course; nature center; equestrian
stabling; structures or lodge -type buildings by camping areas. The
site should also provide a water feature for scenic as well as
recreational use.
Although a number of cities in California have developed regional
recreation parks as a part of their park system, this is primarily
the function of the County, State and Federal governments.
e. Open Space Preserves
Open space is defined by State law as "Any parcel or area of land
or water which is essentially unimproved and devoted to an open
space use, for the protection of food and fiber, for the enjoy-
ment of scenic beauty, for recreation, and for the use of natural
resources, and which is designated on a local, regional or State
plan as any of the following:
1. Open Space for Preservation of Natural Resources - Including,
but not limited to, areas required for the preservation of plant
and animal life, including habitat for fish and wildlife species;
areas required for ecologic and other scientific study purposes;
rivers, streams, bays and estuaries; coastal beaches, lakeshores,
banks of rivers and streams, and watershed lands.
22
Open Space for the Managed Production of Resources - Including,
but not limited to, forest lands, rangeland, agricultural lands
and areas of economic importance for the production of food or
fiber; areas required for re -charge of ground water basins; bays,
estuaries, marshes, rivers and streams which are important for
the management of'commercial fisheries; and areas containing
mineral deposits.
2. Open Space for Outdoor Recreation - Including, but not limited to,
areas of outstanding scenic, historic and cultural value; areas
particularly suited for recreation park purposes; including access
to beaches, lakeshores, rivers and streams; and areas which serve
as links between major recreation and open space reservations,
including utility easements, banks of rivers and streams, trails
and scenic highway corridors.
3. Open Space for Public Health and Safety - Including, but not limited
to, areas which require special management or regulations because
of hazardous or special conditions such as earthquake fault zones,
unstable soil areas, flood plains, watersheds, areas presenting
high fire risks, areas required for the protection of water quality,
water reservoirs and areas required for the protection and enhance-
ment of air quality.5
f. Parkways
The parkway is essentially an elongated park with a road extending
its entire length. It is often located on a ridge, in a valley or
along a lake or ocean frontage. A parkway may serve to connect large
units in a park system or to provide a pleasant means of travel through
5State of California Government Code,
Section 65560
23
the city and outlying region. Ft is basically a recreation facility,
not a transportation facility. Its principal attribute should be
scenic beauty.
The NRPA recommends the minimum width for a parkway as 200 feet. The
park area may be used for bicycling, hiking, horseback riding or
picnicing.
g. Specialized Recreation Park Areas
Many kinds of recreation areas and facilities are highly specialized
in nature, and thus may be developed separately on special tracts of
land, or they may be integrated into parks and other recreational
areas. Standards have been developed for some of these specialized
facilities, but for others no particular site size can be specified.
A detailed list of these areas will be shown in the following portion
of this chapter.
24
IV, SPACE STANDARDS FOR RECREATION PARKS
The standards most accepted by recreation and park planning authorities
throughout the United States are those of the National Park and Recreation
Association. In addition, the California Committee has developed a useful
"Guide for Planning Recreation Parks in California", as a basis for deter-
mining local recreation space standards.
Standards developed and used in this study are based upon the NRPA
standards, the recreation park planning guide developed by the California
Committee, and study and analysis of park standards of other cities
throughout the country.
Present standards recommended by the NRPA call for 5 acres of local
recreation park land for each 1,000 population, and 5 acres of major
recreation parks and open space preserves for each 1,000 of the population.
This provides an overall standard of 10 acres of land for each 1,000
persons.
The recreation park standards used in this study are shown in detail
on the following tables:
Table 1V Classification of Recreation Parks by Population Ratio - Page26
Table V Neighborhood Recreation Parks Standards - Page 27
Table VI Community Recreation Parks Standards - Page 28
Table VII City-wide Recreation Park Facilities Standards - Page 29
Table VIII Special Use Areas and Facilities Standards - Page 31
Table IX Recreational Standards for Open Space Areas and Facilities -
Pages _23_3/3 7
The space standards presented in this report should be regarded as guide-
lines only, to be modified according to local conditions and resources
in.the San Rafael Planning Area.
25
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TABLE VIII
STANDARDS FOR SPECIAL USE RECREATION PARK FACILITIES
FACILITY STANDARD/1,000 PEOPLE COMMENTS
1. Archery Range 1 per 1,500
2. Baseball Diamonds 1 per 6,000 Regulation 90'
3. Basketball Courts 1 per 500
4. Boating Facility 1 per 2,500
5. Community Centers 1 per 25,000
6. Golf Courses (18 hole) 1 per 25,000
7. Handball Courts 1 per 10,000
8. Historical Museum 1 per City
9. Natural Science 1 per City
15. Swimming Pools, 25 Yd. 1 per 10,000 Based upon 15 sq. ft. of
water for 3% of population.
16. Swimming Pools, 50 Mtr. 1 per 20,000
17.
(Interpretive Center)
Best in
units of 4
10.
Neighborhood Centers
1
per
10,000
11.
Outdoor Theaters
1
per
20,000
FACILITY
(Non-commercial)
FACILITY
1.
Administration Office
12.
$hooting Ranges
1
per
50,000
Complex including high
4,000 Sq.
Ft.
3•
power, small bore, trap
sanitary fac. 5,000 Sq.
Ft.
10,000 Sq.
Ft.
4.
& skeet, field archery,
300 Sq.
Ft.
300 Sq.
Ft.
etc.
13.
Soccer Fields
1
per
1,500
14.
Softball Diamonds
1
per
3,000
(and/or Youth Diamonds)
15. Swimming Pools, 25 Yd. 1 per 10,000 Based upon 15 sq. ft. of
water for 3% of population.
16. Swimming Pools, 50 Mtr. 1 per 20,000
17.
Tennis Courts 1 per 2,000
Best in
units of 4
COMMUNITY
RECREATION CENTER SPACE
STANDARDS
Space in Sq.Ft.
SEPARATE
FACILITY
ADJOINING SCHOOLS
FACILITY
1.
Administration Office
300 Sq.
Ft.
300 Sq.
Ft.
2.
Arts & Crafts Rooms
4,000 Sq.
Ft.
3•
Hallways, storage, display,
sanitary fac. 5,000 Sq.
Ft.
10,000 Sq.
Ft.
4.
Kitchen
300 Sq.
Ft.
300 Sq.
Ft.
31
FACILITY
5. Meeting Rooms
6. Multi-purpose Rooms
7. Social Halls
8. Teen Lounge
TABLE UIII (Cont'd)
COMMUNITY CENTER SPACE STANDARDS
ADJOINING SCHOOLS
.4
4,000 Sq. Ft.
2,000 Sq. Pt.
SEPARATE
FACILITY
4,000 Sq. Ft.
3,000 Sq. Ft.
4,000 Sq, Ft.
2,000 Sq. Ft.
11,600
Sq.
Ft.
27,600
Sq.
Ft.
Approaches and Design 5,000
Sq.
Ft.
10,000
Sq.
Ft.
Patio and Fireplace 2,000
Sq.
Ft.
2,000
Sq.
Ft.
TOTALS 18,000 Sq. Ft.*` 39,600 Sq. Ft.**
*Approximately 11,000 square feet of school space for joint use of school and
Recreation Department; breakdown of suggested space for each item same as
Column 2.
-; Add area indicated under Senior Citizens' Center if building space for
older people is designed as a part of the Community Center building.
32
TABLE IX
RECREATIONAL STANDARDS FOR OPEN SPACE AREAS & FACILITIES
DEVELOPMENT
Scenic Parkways, Drives, Trailways
With vista points, overlooks,
roadside rests; within a park
or linking several parks..
Picnic Grounds
Turfed areas, sometimes with
trees; casual, impromptu use.
Individual picnic unit -
Wide walkways; auto parking away
from tables; water and sanitary
facilities.
Group picnic unit.
Clusters of 3 to 10 tables per
group; stoves in ratio to num-
ber of tables; barbecue, arti-
ficial fuel stoves and shelters
sometimes desirable; wide walk-
ways for access and delivery;
water and sanitary facilities;
auto parking away from tables.
SPACE REQUIREMENT
Extent and development according
to terrain and features of site
or sites.
10 units per acre; 8 -foot tables;
access to stove (2 or 3 tables per
stove).
10 -foot tables; stoves in ratio to
number of tables in group; four
3 -table clusters per acre; one
10 -table cluster per lZ to 2 acres.
Individual beach picnic unit.
Cooking or campfire rings; sani- 100 square feet of beach per person;
tary and water facilities includ- restrooms every 2,000 lineal feet
ing change facility; lifeguard of beach.
stations.
Large group picnic site for
business and industrial groups
of 500 to 5,000 persons, tables,
stoves, barbecues; sanitary and
water facilities; dance area,
multi-purpose playfields and turf,
campfire circle in bowl or amphi-
theater; swim facilities sometimes
desirable; wide walkways for access
and delivery of supplies; parking
away from tables.
Hiking Trails
For hikes of one day or less.
Well-defined trail system; auto
parking at any access point.
Minimum 50 acres, 10 -foot tables.
Well-defined and maintained tread,
up to 10 feet in width, grades not
to exceed 5 o average, with a maxi-
mum of 15 %; minimum parking for
33
DEVELOPMENT
Hiking Trails (Cont'd)
For extended trips; well-defined
trail system; overnight trail
camp area.
Bicycle Path
For rides of one day or longer.
System of paths, separated from
automotive traffic, trail mark-
ers; pathside rests with water,
sanitary facilities; overnight
camp area.
Bridle Trail & Equestrian Center
Rides of one day or less; riding
ring, trail system, parking for
vehicles, and stock trailers with
loading ramp or platform; holding
stalls, hitching racks, water.
Marina
Motor and sail boating, water
skiing, berthing and launching
facilities; auto and boat trailer
parking; marine supplier, boatel
and restaurant concessions; act-
ivities building.
Small Lakes
Fly casting; fishing model boat
basin, sailing, rowing, canoeing;
migratory bird -feeding sanctuary;
parking for autos and boat trail-
ers; water and sanitary facilities;
boat launching, storage and rental
facilities.
SPACE REQUIREMENT
25 autos at any access point;
100 auto parking at short scenic,
well-known trails.
Well-defined trail with average
grades of 5% and none to exceed
15%; overnight trail camp areas
of 3 to 5 acres at intervals of
five hours' hiking time; minimum
parking for 10 autos at any access
point.
Minimum width 10 feet; protected
crossings; surfacing suitable for
maintenance vehicles; overnight
camp areas of 3 to 5 acres at
intervals of six hours' bicycling
time.
Well -graded trail with inter-
connecting leader trails and
numerous access points; grade
should average 5%, may be minimum
parking for 10 to 80 vehicles and
stock trailers depending on amount
of use.
Land and water area of equal acreage
desirable; marginal --100 berths;
desirable minimum --200 berths;
1 acre water for 30 craft; car and
boat trailer parking --75 per acre.
A chain of small natural or man-
made ponds or lakes; minimum 5
water -surface acre ponds; minimum
20 water -surface acre lakes;
adjacent park area.
34
DEVELOPMENT
Natural Area Preserve
SPACE REQUIREMENT
Access by walkways, foot trails 50 to 1,000 acres.
and paths (no vehicular traffic);
interpretive center; self -guided
nature trails; parking, water
and sanitary facilities.
Migratory Bird Sanctuary
Trails, observation shelters, bird Acreage as available, on seasonal
feeding areas, interpretive center; wetlands and flyways.
parking on access roads.
Wildflower Sanctuary
Flamboyant seasonal displays of
wildflowers; trails, interpretive
shelter, picnicking; parking on
access roads.
Streamside Trail
Preservation of streams and banks
from source to outlet; walking
trail alongside.
Marine Gardens (Underwater)
Self -guided nature trails for
skin divers and marine explorers.
Gardens
Available acreage having native
flora; 100 to 500 acres.
Minimum width stream and trail
100 feet; may call for inter -
county development.
Sand bars; natural reefs or
artificial reefs and shelters
of concrete or quarry rocks.
For public interest and display. 50 to several hundred acres.
Containing unusual or specialized
plant collections, trees and shrubs;
walkways, foot paths, display shel-
ters; activity building; parking.
Zoological Garden
Living animal collections and
related housing, display areas,
enclosures, exhibits and service
buildings; interpretive center,
pavilions, amphitheater for
animal shows; picnic grounds,
restaurants and related con-
cessions; pedestrian walks,
observation driveways; water and
sanitary facilities; auto and bus
parking.
Desirable minimum 75 acres;
practical maximum 200 acres.
35
DEVELOPMENT
Specialized Animal Exhibits,
Aquariums, Aviaries, Farmyard
Zoos
Cultural Arts Center
Exposition and display pavilion,
music shell, outdoor theater and
bowl; dance surface;. picnic turf;
water and sanitary facilities;
parking.
Archery Center
SPACE REQUIREMENT
Usually located in park acreage.
20 to 75 acres as part of a
larger park acreage, theater
seating capacity of 2,000 to
7,500; working space for several
hundred performers; dance area
for 1,000 dancers and 500 spectators.
For range and field archer; club- 75 acres including buffer space
house or activity building; indi- for safety and 35 acres for 1,4
vidual and group picnic units; stations of field archery; level,
water and sanitary facilities; unobstructed space 150 yards long
parking. per range.
Marksmanship Range
For pistol, rifle, trap, skeet; 50 to 100 acres according to
clubhouse or activity building; terrain and distance required
individual and group picnic units; to protect adjoining areas from
water and sanitary facilities; noise.
parking.
Recreation Automotive Area
Pits and hill climb for motor-
cycles, one-quarter and one -half -
mile track for autos and stock -
cars; drag strip; midget auto
track; field of model airplanes;
6-8 acre paved area for sports
car events; individual and group
picnic units; water and sanitary
facilities; parking.
Day Camp for Groups
For organized groups on advance
reservation; sanitary, water and
basic cookout and eating facil-
ities for 50 persons for short
periods of time; hiking and nature
trails; interpretive center; camp-
fire circle; truck, trailer and
auto parking.
50 acre minimum, located far
away from habitation because of
noise factor.
Minimum 50 acres for basic facil-
ities and associated activities
.including parking space for 25
autos or 2 buses.
36
DEVELOPMENT
Overnight Camp for Groups
For organized groups on advance
reservation; clustered campout
sites for bedding or tents; san-
itary, water, food storage and
cookout facilities for 50 persons,
nature trails and interpretive
center; hiking and pack animal
trails; campfire circle; truck,
bus, trailer and auto parking.
Adult and Family Campground
Family camp units; water and
sanitary facilities; opportuni-
ties for boating, fishing, swim-
ming, nature exploration, hiking,
campfire.
En Route Campground
For families and out -of -county
travelers --a user -pay facility;
sanitary and water facilities;
auto, camper and trailer sites.
For hikers, bicycle riders, horse-
back riders.
SPACE REQUIREMENT
Minimum 50 acres or maximum
1 acre per camper for basic
facilities (cooking, eating,
sleeping, parking) and asso-
ciated activities; two-way
access into and out of camp
in case of fire.
Minimum 50 acres; two-way access
into and out of grounds in case
of fire; 4 units per acre; each
unit has parking space for car
and trailer, tent site, table,
cupboard, stove.
6 units per acre; each unit has
parking space for car and trailer;
table, cupboard, stove.
(Refer to developments for
hiking, riding, bicycling)
37
CHAPTER III
JOINT PLANNING OF RECREATION/SCHOOL PARKS
During recent years, the development of an increasing cooperative
attitude on the part of public school and municipal authorities in
the planning, acquisition, construction and maintenance of areas and
facilities designed for public school and recreation park use has
become a desirable and necessary trend.
In order to fully consider the need for joint planning of areas and
facilities, it is necessary to understand the direct relationship
which exists between the fields of public recreation and physical
education.
I. RECREATION, ITS AIMS AND OBJECTIVES
The primary function of recreation is the enrichment of living by
enabling individuals to find outlets for self-expression and, thereby,
to develop their inherent potential and desired satisfactions.
Through recreation programs, people are helped to develop a wide
range of interests and skills which enable them to make constructive
use of leisure and which contribute to the physical and mental health,
safety, good citizenship, confidence, and character development.
Recreation is essentially a kind of experience rather than a set of
specific activities. The wide range of recreational activities
includes games and sports, music, dance, arts and crafts, drama,
social activities, nature and outing activities, hobbies and service
projects. The comprehensive recreation program affords people of all
ages, backgrounds and interests the opportunity to engage in the variety
of activities with the help of trained leaders which assure maximum
benefits and enjoyment.
38
PHYSICAL EDUCATION, ITS AIMS AND OBJECTIVES
The aim of physical education is to help people of all ages live
healthy, satisfying, and energetic lives. Four specific purposes
are: To develop and maintain maximum physical efficiency; to develop
useful knowledge and physical skills; to act in socially useful ways;
to enjoy wholesome physical recreation.
A sound school physical education program includes required daily
teaching of diversified activities for all pupils, a wide variety
of intramural activities available to all, and, at the senior high
school level, a broad program of interscholastic athletics for those
students with superior athletic ability.6
Although recreation and physical education are closely allied, they
are complimentary, not identical. Recreation and physical education
have often been associated in the popular mind because many physical
recreation activities are identical with those used in school -oriented
physical education programs. The purposes of physical education are
physical fitness and development of attitudes and skills to maintain
fitness. The purpose of recreation is enjoyment, though physical
fitness may be a by-product of wise choices in physical activities.
Such physical activities comprise only one aspect of recreation. A
well-rounded program of recreational activities includes many kinds
of experiences, and recreation should no more be identified with
physical education than with education in the arts and sciences.
4American Association for Health, Physical Education, and Recreation.
Planning Areas and Facilities for Health, Physical Education and
Recreation. Washington, D.C. pp.2-3.
Reynold Carlson. Recreation in American Life. (Belmont, California:
Wadsworth Publishing Company, Inc., 19 63), Pp. 13-14.
39
III. ROLE OF THE SCHOOL IN RECREATION
In 1962, at the Second National Conference on School Recreation,
the role of the schools in recreation was emphasized by adoption
of the following ten policies:
1. Education for leisure is a major responsibility of every school.
2. Every school, from kindergarten through college, has an obligation
to provide its students with opportunities for participation in
wholesome creative activities.
3. Every school has a responsibility to make its facilities and
resources available for recreation when needed.
4. The school has the responsibility to cooperate with community
agencies which conduct programs of recreation or which are inter-
ested in the conduct of such programs.
5. Since school facilities represent one of the greatest investments
of public funds in the community, it is simply sound business
practice to make the greatest possible use of facilities.
6. Recreation and education are not identical. While complimentary
and supplementary, each has its own common distinctive features.
7. Recreation in a democratic nation begins with public permission
and exists by public approval. Therefore, the nature, scope, and
quality of a recreation program depend primarily upon the degree
to which the public understands and believes in it.
8. Recreation leadership seeks to expand the interests of people.
9. The program of recreation should consist of many varied activities
related to the needs, interests, and abilities of all the people.
10. The functional role of public school in cooperative municipal -school
recreation should be to:
a. Educate for the worthy use of leisure time.
b. Achieve maximum articulation between instruction and
recreation.
c. Coordinate and mobilize total community resources for recreation.
d. Develop cooperative planning of recreation facilities.8
$American Association for Health, Physical Education it Recreation,
"Twentieth Century Recreation", A Report on the Second National
Conference on School Recreation, (Washington, D.C., 1962 pp. 30
- 40
IV. PARK/SCHOOL CONCEPT IN PLANNING OF AREAS AND FACILITIES
The prevailing concepts and objectives of park/school areas and
facilities are closely related and sufficiently common to justify
the joint planning and development of a coordinated system of areas
and facilities to be jointly used.
The park/school is described as a neighborhood or community -type park
facility which has been designed for public recreation as well as
health and physical education programs. It combines the neighborhood
park area and an elementary school site, or a community park with
a secondary school site.
Some school areas and facilities such as multi-purpose rooms, gymnasiums,
ball diamonds, etc., can serve to meet a portion of the park facility
requirements, while certain park areas and facilities such as play-
grounds, swimming pools, recreation center buildings, outdoor theaters,
tennis courts, etc., are able to serve and support the educational
program.
In these instances, it is possible to reduce the amount of park acreage
required for a suitable park facility.
Through joint development of a neighborhood park at an elementary
school site, the required acreage could be reduced by 6 acres when
utilizing an average 10 acre elementary school site. Likewise, the
community park required acreage could also be reduced by 17 acres by
utilizing an average 20 to 30 acre Junior High or Senior High School
site.
41
Since public school requirements for areas and facilities must
be met with or without a related park, it is reasonable to assume
that schools should perform a dual function- by encouraging community
use of these areas and facilities during non -school hours.
The primary reason for the joint development of park/school areas
and facilities is the financial savings to the community relating
to capital investments and costs for maintenance and operation.
To protect the interests of both school and municipal authorities,
and to assure the most effective application of the park/school plan,
a formal agreement should be drawn up and signed by both agencies
specifying their respective responsibility for purchase, development,
operation and use of recreation park/school areas and facilities.
42
V. NEED FOR COOPERATIVE PLANNING
Due to the fact that recreation and education support and
compliment each other, and in light of the rapidly increasing
population, lack of available land, and the ever-increasing
costs for construction and development of education and recreation
areas and facilities, i•t is imperative for the school and recreation
agencies in the City of San Rafael to combine their efforts toward
joint planning, acquisition and development of these critically
needed areas and facilities. This can be accomplished by following
the basic principles and objectives for school and recreation planning
as shown in this study.
43
CHAPTER IV
RECREATION PARK RESOURCES AND METHODS OF
ACQUISITION & FINANCING
I. INVENTORIES OF EXISTING AREAS & FACILITIES
In order to determine present and future recreation park needs in the
San Rafael Planning Area, an inventory of existing recreation parks and
other related resources was undertaken. The data obtained through per-
sonal interviews, and field inspection of actual sites, are shown on
the following listed inventory tables and corresponding maps.
TABLE X Public Recreation Parks Areas and Facilities, pages
(Map 2, page 47)
TABLE XI Public School Areas and Facilities, pages
(Map 3, Page 50)
TABLE XII Related Facilities Not Operated by Governmental
Agencies, pages 51/53 _
TABLE XIII Regional Recreation Parks - Marin County, pages 54/56
Note: Each facility shown on the maps has a number which corresponds
With the tables listed above.
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56
H. COMPARISON OF EXISTING RECREATION PARKS AND STANDARDS
As shown in the recreation park inventory, there are presently 28 public
recreation park sites within the San Rafael Planning Area, containing a
total of about 2,144 acres of land.
By comparing the recommended park standards of 10 acres per 1,000 pop-
ulation to the 1970 population figures of 57,400 people in the Planning
Area, it is found that as of 1970 an additional 3,596 acres of land
was needed. In addition, when relating this standard to the projected
population of 70,900 in 1980, the land required should be approximately
7,090 acres. By 1990, with a population of 80,700 the public recreation
park lands needed within the Planning Area should total about 8,070 acres.
Upon closer anaylsis of the 28 existing park sites, it was found that
Only 10 sites presently meet or exceed the minimum 5 -acre standard
recommended for a suitable neighborhood park facility. Of the remaining
18 sites, 13 are under the 5 -acre minimum, while 5 are large parcels
of land for future regional parks and/or open space development.
A summary of present and future acreage required for public recreation
parks in the San Rafael Planning Area is shown as follows:
No. of Existing
Classification Sites Areas
Local Rec/Parks 23
(Standard: 5 Acres/
1,000 Pop.)
Large City/County 5
Regional Parks
and/or Open Space
Areas (Standard:
5 Acres/1,000 Pop.)
TOTALS 28
(Sites)
280
1,864
Acres Req-
uired in
1970
2,590
1,006
2,144 Ac. 3,596 Ac.
Add'1 Acres
Required
By 1980
675
675
1,350 Ac
Add'1 Acres
Required
By 1990
490
490
980 Ac.
57
As a result of the above analysis, it appears that the greatest deficiencies
or park needs in the San Rafael Planning Area are local recreation parks
such as neighborhood community and city-wide park areas.
An inventory of existing public school sites reveals that at the present
time there are 28 sites containing a total of 331.84 acres of land.
Although the majority of these sites have been designed primarily for
school use, they are an important factor in this study, since they are
publicly -owned lands and as such do provide an excellent resource for
future public park development.
In an attempt to determine the kinds of non-governmental recreational
areas and/or facilities available to the residents in the Planning Area,
an inventory was also taken of various commercial and/or private estab-
lishments which provide recreational opportunities for area residents.
The results indicated that the majority of facilities were highly
successful in their efforts. The most popular of these were the various
tennis and aquatic clubs, bowling allies, yachting clubs and facilities,
and the two local golf courses. It was also found that little or no
major development or expansion of these facilities was contemplated in
the future. The only exception was the development of some private
tennis/swim club facilities.
A review and analysis of existing regional park areas and facilities
located both within the Planning Area and within 15 to 30 miles driving
distance pointed out the fact that the residents of San Rafael and Marin
County are indeed fortunate in having at their "doorstep" a variety of
Federal, State and County recreation park areas and facilitif's of which
they can avail themselves. An inventory of these areas showed that
58
there are 24 different established recreation park areas, with
a total of 152,112 acres of public land,
59
METHODS OF PRESERVING RECREATION PARK & OPEN SPACE LANDS
There are a number of different approaches that can be employed in pre-
serving lands for recreation parks and open space purposes. A study of
the various methods utilized by a number of cities and counties in
California is outlined as follows:
1. Acquisition in Fee
Direct Purchase
Local jurisdictions may purchase lands for recreation park and open
space purposes. However, these available funds are limited.
Eminent Domain
This provides a means whereby the jurisdiction may purchase lands
from unwilling owners, but this requires immediate payment and costs
tend to be higher:
Purchase - Saleback
Land is purchased by a public agency and.then resold with certain
covenants or restricted rights.
Life Estate
Permits the owner to sell property to the government if he desires,
and then retain possession of the property during his lifetime.
This type of acquisition is particularly useful because it holds
the property until a future date, when money will be available for
recreation park or open space development.
Lease -Leaseback
Land is acquired by the jurisdiction and leased to a private company,
to construct recreational improvements which then, in turn, leases it
back to the municipality.
. e
II. Acquisition in Less Than Fee
Development Rights
To retain an area in an undeveloped use, such as agriculture or
watershed, a jurisdiction may acquire the rights from the property
owner to develop the property in particular ways.
Scenic Easements
In areas where it is desirable to protect a view from encroachment
by building, or to preserve a landscape, scenic easements may be
acquired. The owner retains use, insofar as use is compatible
with the limitations of the easement.
Access Easements
Property owner grants right of access to the public for specific
purposes at a specific time.
License
Permission is granted by license from the utility for recreation
park or open space purposes on the utility right-of-way and/or
properties. Uses of these properties are planned so as not to
interfere with utility operations.
III: Incentive Programs
Williamson Act
Provides a property tax benefit for agriculture where owner agrees
to keep the land in agriculture for a period of time.
Density Benefits
Increases in density could be granted in trade for recreation park
or open space dedications.
61
Open Space Preserves
A tax advantage can be given to owners who contract with the
jurisdiction to keep their land as open space.
Land Donation and Private Action
Private organizations may accept land donations and hold the land
as permanent open space.
Private Development
Private developers can design permanent open space into their
projects on a voluntary basis.
IV. Regulations of Land Use by Local Government
Local Ordinances
Subdivision and zoning ordinances enacted by local government can
assist in establishing and preserving open space which does not
involve public ownership.
Zoning
Zoning to protect certain open space and conservation values is
extensively used to control future developments which are con-
sidered appropriate.
Conservation Zoning
Zones to protect natural resources and to set standards for their
utilization should be added to the zoning code.
62
IV. OTHER GOVERNMENTAL REGULATIONS & PROGRAMS
Federal:
Legacy of Parks Program
Provides grants to local agencies on a matching basis for recreation
parks and open space preservation. Funds, however, are limited.
Outdoor Recreation (Land, Water Conservation Fund)
Provides matching grants for planning, acquisition and development of
recreation park and open space lands. Funds are received through the
State.
Bureau of Land Management
Provides land control activities.
National Monument
Provides control of use and preservation of natural conditions.
Federal Land Use Controls
Program currently under discussion. Would be used to control uses on
open space lands of National significance.
State:
AB 920 and 921
Proposes 100 million dollars for open space acquisition, 50 million of
which is for local jurisdictions.
State Bond Act of 1974
Proposes 250 million dollars for State beach, park, recreational and
historical facilities acquisition, 90 million of which is to be pro-
vided in grants to local government.
63
Department of Fish and Game, and State Wildlife
Conservation Board
operate waterfowl and wildlife management areas and fish hatcheries
supported by monies from State Fish and Game Preservation Funds and
Federal grants for similar purposes.
The above suggested methods of preserving recreation parks and open
space lands should be considered as a -representative compilation only;
other means should continue to be explored by the City.
64
V. METHODS OF FINANCING RECREATION PARKS AND OPEN SPACE
A study of financing recreation parks and open -space reveals three
basic methods which are used by public agencies for their public
improvements. These methods include: Pay as you go, using current
reserves; pay as you use, by borrowing on the basis of future rev-
enue, and utilization of savings or accumulated reserve funds. The
following is a brief explanation of these funding methods:
I. Pay as You Go Method
This method requires the financing of Capital Improvement projects
from current income. The practical application of this method
requires long range planning of proposed projects so that a uniform
amount of expenditure is made each year.
The advantages of this type of financing are the savings in interest
charges of borrowing which substantially increases the cost of the
project.
The biggest disadvantage of this method.is the direct cost to the
taxpayer during the period of the project expenditure.
General Fund Appropriations
Provides an adequate and regular source of funds, which is essential
to the establishment and continued operation of a municipal recreation
park system.
An effective way of providing basic financial support is through a
special general fund tax for recreation park Capital Improvement
projects, in addition to the general practice of providing annual
operating costs for recreation park services. The effects of such
a method helps to spread the costs of all recreation park services
more equitably among all residents of the City, since general fund
65
revenues are derived from various sources and not exclusively from
property owners.
Fees and Charges
Fees and charges for recreation park services provide one source of
finance. This practice can be used to supplement the tax budget
and contribute funds which can be utilized to expand services.
Entrance fees for swimming pools, charges for special instructional
programs, and greens fees for golf courses, are some examples of
charges which can be levied. In many instances, golf course greens
fees have been found to not only defray actual operating costs,
but also the costs of initial development.
Some disadvantages of this method are that many of the people who
need recreation park services would not be able to afford to par-
ticipate if charges were made. In addition, commercial standards
could become the controlling element with over -emphasis being placed
upon revenue-producing income and less emphasis toward seeking maxi-
mum participation of the people for whom the recreation park services
are intended.
The part which fees and charges play in the overall recreation park
revenue structure should depend upon an adopted policy of their use,
the extent of recreation park development, the rate schedule of fees
and charges, and the actual attendance at those facilities which
charge for their use.
Concessionaire Agreements
Revenue from concessionaire -operated recreation park enterprises
and conveniences may afford a substantial return to the municipality.
The sale of prepared food and soft drinks, amusement rides, etc.,
are examples of concessionaire -operated enterprises for recreation
parks. Such concessions are usually leased to operators on a per-
centage of gross receipts.
If a decision is made to grant a concession, it is advisable to
adopt policies which would govern the operation. These conditions
should be incorporated in a formal contract agreement involving
the governmental authorities and the concessionaire.
II. Pay As You Use Method
Borrowing upon future income is a practice used by local govern-
meat through the issuance of bonds which provide for the repayment
with interest over a period of years. These bonds usually are of
three broad types, depending upon their retirement, namely general
obligation, special assessment, and revenue.
The advantages of bond financing are that the money is available
immediately and the cost is spread out over a period of years, to
be paid by future residents who will also receive the benefits.
The disadvantages of bonds are the difficulty of getting approval
of the voters and the fact that the cost of a project is increased
considerably through interest charges, sinking fund costs, printing
and advertising, bond election costs, etc.
General Obligation Bonds
The general obligation bond is backed by full faith and credit of
the local government, which means all sources of local revenue may
be used for servicing the debt. For this reason, it is usually the
most secure type of bond from the point of the investor, and ordin-
arily can be sold at a lower interest rate than special assessment
or revenue bonds.
67
Special Assessment Bonds
These bonds are so named because of the fact that payments to
mature the issue are made from monies derived from special assess-
ments upon certain identifiable real estate. As an example, the
establishment of a park imparts a special benefit to real estate
in some zone of influence. This benefit is measurable in the actual
rise of real estate values. Special assessments are levied against
the benefited real estate in the form of taxes which are over and
above ad valorem tax on real estate. Special assessment bonds
backed up by the full taxing power of the issuing governmental
agency are as sound as any other bonds of the agency.
Revenue Bonds
The use of revenue bonds is limited to -financing of Capital Improve-
ments which are intended to be revenue producing.
Auditoriums,.golf courses and other similar facilities have been
financed, as self-supporting facilities; by the use of revenue bonds.
When undertaking the financing of Capital Improvements for recreation
parks by the use of revenue bonds, the project must be viewed as a
reasonable financial risk or it will be difficult to sell the bonds.
In addition, if a project possesses a degree of doubt as to being
self-sustaining, the governmental agency may be required to pledge
other public funds to make up any anticipated loss. A combination
of revenue funds supplemented by an established tax levy helps to
make the sale of the revenue bonds more attractive.
III. Other Sources of Funds
The possibility of gifts of lands, buildings, trust funds, endow-
ments and other similar bequests from private citizens and service
organizations should not be overlooked as a means of financing
recreation park services.
Although these gifts cannot be anticipated, they do occur period-
ically and should be considered and carefully analyzed when they
are offered.
If the City were to make it known that such gifts would be accepted,
provided they were in accord with.the recreation parks master plan,
it may encourage individuals and organizations to provide donations
of properties or monies. It should be kept in mind, however, that
such donations should only be accepted if they can benefit the
public.
The cost of providing recreation park services requires money for per-
sonnel, supplies, equipment, facilities, land, water and the like.
Since these services are expensive to acquire and maintain, all appro-
priate means should be undertaken to find the most suitable methods of
financing the proposed recreation parks sys"tem for the City of San
Rafael.
T
CHAPTER V
AN ACTION PROGRAM
To provide an organized system of recreation park areas and facilities
which would preserve the City's rapidly vanishing recreational resources,
correct existing recreation park deficiencies, and meet the recreation
park area and facility requirements by the year 1990, it is recommended
that all City officials, staff members and citizens concerned, undertake
an action program suggested in this chapter.
Although it is recognized that some of the following steps have already
been taken by the City of San Rafael, the total recommended program is
presented here in order to cover all aspects of the proposed action program.
I. GENERAL PROPOSALS
1. San Rafael General Plan
Adopt the Recreation Park Master Plan as a basic element of the
San Rafael General Plan. The long range recreation park plan should
be integrated with all other elements of'the General Plan.
Since the General Plan at this point in time has not been finalized,
adjustments and revisions to the recreation park plan may need to
be considered prior to its adoption.
2. Planning Principles and Policies
Adopt the
fourteen basic
recreation park
planning
principles
stated
in Chapter
II (pages 3 -
5) as a part of
the City's
general
planning
policy.
3. Classification of Recreation Parks Areas
Adopt the recommended classification of recreation park areas on
the basis of service levels, including neighborhood, community,
70
City-wide, open space and regional recreation parks proposed in this
study. These service levels are based upon distance factors, activities
associated with different age groups and national, state and local
recreational experiences.
4. General Recreation Park Acreage Standard
Adopt the recommended standard of 5 acres of local recreation park
land for each 1,000 population, and -5 acres of major recreation park
and open space lands for each 1,000 of the population. This will
provide an overall standard of 10 acres of recreation park land
for each 1,000 persons residing in the San Rafael Planning Area.
5. Space Standards for Recreation Parks
Adopt the recommended minimum space standards as a basic guide for
future recreation park acquisition and development shown as follows:
a. Neighborhood Recreation Parks - Should be a minimum of 5 acres
in size and located within21 mile radius of the population it
is to serve.
b. Community Recreation Parks - Should be a minimum of 20 acres
in size and located within a 12 mile radius of the population
it is to serve.
c. City-wide Parks and Open Space - Should be a minimum of 100 acres
in size, or a minimum of 5 acres for each 1,000 persons, and be
located a maximum of z hour driving time for all residents of
the City.
The above space standards recommended should be considered as basic
elements of the proposed recreation parks system. Any modifications
or adjustments of the recommended standards as a result of existing
conditions or available resources should be reviewed accordingly.
71
The design of individual recreation park sites should be as flex-
ible as possible to reflect changing patterns of recreational needs
of the residents in a given service area.
6. Public Recreation Park -School
Adopt a course of action whereby public school and municipal author-
ities are directly involved in the planning, acquisition, construction
and maintenance of public recreation park/school areas and facilities.
Joint cooperation and coordination between these agencies is a key
element in the development of the proposed recreation parks system:
Any space provided for school purposes would then be available for
community recreation purposes and, conversely, public recreation parks
space provided adjacent to a school site would be fully available for
school use. For this reason, all property owned by the school districts
(San Rafael and Dixie) and developed for school and recreation use
could be considered as a part of the recommended standard of 5 acres
per 1,000 population.
7. Relationships With Other Agencies and Organizations
Adopt a course of action whereby other governmental agencies can be
involved in the recreation parks planning process. Every effort
should be made to solicit the assistance and cooperation of the
Marin County Planning and Parks and Recreation agencies in the
planning, acquisition, development and maintenance of recreation
park areas within the San Rafael Planning Area. Large City parks,
open space preserves and County regional parks should be planned
and developed with the full support and cooperation of both agencies.
72
In addition, other voluntary, private and commercial agencies
involved in the provision of related types of recreational services
should also be provided an opportunity to participate in the planning
of the recreation parks system.
8. Enabling Legislation
Establish a proper legal framework for the provision of recreation
park areas, facilities and programs, including ordinances requiring
dedication of adequate park lands in new subdivisions, cluster zoning,
planned unit developments, and preservation of flood plains, tidelands,
marshlands and other ecologically significant land and water areas.
9. Advance Planning
Establish'a program of advance acquisition of land and water areas
based upon the proposed Recreation Parks System Plan. A concentrated
program of site acquisitions should be undertaken well in advance of
projected population growth and related increase in land costs.
10. Citizen Involvement
Adopt a program whereby citizens in the community, through neighbor-
hood homeowners associations, citizens advisory councils, etc., can
participate in the recreation park planning process.
11. Quality of Land
Adopt a policy whereby land set aside by developers for recreation
parks, open space or other conservation purposes is suitable for
the purposes of which it is intended. Care should be exercised in
accepting those lands which have been left over after residential,
commercial and industrial developments have utilized prime lands
for these developments.
73
12. Reserving Lands for Recreation Parks and Open Space
Reserve recreation park and open space lands in advance of urban-
ization and development in those areas of the City generally indi-
cated in the Recreation Park Master Plan Study.
13. Preservation of Historical, Archeological and Cultural Resources
Adopt a policy to preserve all sites of known historical, archeo-
logical and cultural importance to'the City of San Rafael. A
program should be undertaken in cooperation with local historical
societies and organizations to identify and preserve those sites
and structures which are compatible with recreation park uses.
14. Financing Recreation Parks
Adopt a realistic recreation parks capital improvement and operations
funding program which would include, but not be limited to, the
following:
a. Appropriate from current City revenue sufficient amounts of
monies annually, to finance an orderly program of acquisition,
development, maintenance and operation which is consistent with
the total budgeting requirements of the City.
b. Establish an accumulating recreation parks reserve fund to
receive regular annual deposits derived from current revenue
and other financial sources. The fund should be used primarily
for acquisition and development of City recreation park sites
and facilities.
c. Undertake an active effort to pursue Grant -in -Aid and joint
funding programs available through the various Federal, State
and County agencies.
74
d. Establish a program which would encourage individuals, groups
and organizations to donate to the City properties, monies and
volunteer assistance for the acquisition and/or development
of recreation parks areas and facilities.
e. Explore all possible means of developing revenue-producing
recreation park facilities and programs in order to relieve
some of the burden of the taxpayers, insofar as may be con-
sistent with the general welfare of the residents of the City.
f. Employ the services of an economic consultant as required, to
assist the City in determining the economic feasibility of the
proposed long range recreation parks system plan.
15. Master Site Planning
Prepare site plans and working drawings for individual sites pro-
posed, delineating active and passive areas of activity, circulation
patterns including drives and walks, general building locations,
topographic conditions, vegetation and landscape patterns, parking
areas and other such components, to be included in the overall site
development. As with the system plan, the site master plans should
be officially adopted and updated regularly.
Since this study proposes general locations and general acreage
requirements based upon the application of suggested standards and
principles, it is recommended that a joint site study committee,
consisting of City officials, public school authorities and citizen
representatives, be formed to undertake a study of site selections
and their development.
75
it is further recommended that a qualified recreation park planning
consultant be retained to assist the City and School District staff
with the preparation of master site plans. Financing of such services
should be provided by both -the City and the School Districts when
planning involves school sites.
Special efforts should also be made to provide for easy access to
and the use of all facilities by the elderly, ill, handicapped, the
very young, and other less mobile individuals in the City.
16. Establishing Priorities
Recreation parks sites and facilities should be planned and developed
in accordance with a carefully designed system, giving first attention
to the most critical needs in the City.
Since it is most desirable to develop joint City -School sites, as
proposed in this study, the priority needs of both agencies must be
considered.
it is therefore recommended that upon approval of recreation parks
system plan and review by the joint study committee, a priority list
be established. With the results of the study committee and a list
of priority rated projects, the City and School officials should
then be in a position to determine the scope of the job which needs
to be done, the expense involved, and the most appropriate method
of financing the recreation parks system plan.
17. Evaluation of Recreation Park Services
A systematic evaluation of all recreation park services provided
by the City of San Rafael should be conducted by the Parks and
Recreation Department annually.
76
II. SPECIFIC PROPOSALS
1. Neighborhood Recreation Parks
A neighborhood recreation park should be provided in every neighbor-
hood within the San Rafael Planning Area. Wherever possible, these
neighborhood parks should be developed in conjunction with existing
and future elementary school sites.
The provision of neighborhood recreation parks should be considered
as the first basic element of the proposed recreation parks system
plan.
To meet the neighborhood recreation park requirements by the year
1990, as indicated in this study, it is recommended that the City
adopt a plan for the systematic acquisition and/or development of
eighteen additional neighborhood recreation park sites distributed
throughout the planning area.
The general service areas proposed for the eighteen additional sites
are shown on the Recreation Park Plan Map IV on page 92.
To determine specific site locations and establish a priority list
for the expansion of existing areas, or for acquisition of new sites,
it will be necessary, as previously mentioned, to involve the services
of a site selection committee.
2. Community Recreation Parks
A community recreation park should be provided in every community
within the San Rafael Planning Area. Whenever possible, these com-
munity parks should be planned in conjunction with Junior High or
Senior High School sites.
77
The community recreation park should be considered as the second
most important element of the Recreation Park System Plan:
To meet the local recreation park requirements by 1990, it is
recommended that the City initiate a plan to acquire and develop
four community recreation park sites.
The general areas suggested for the location of these sites are
indicated on the Recreation Park Plan Map IV Page 92.
Since the areas have a direct relationship to existing park and
school sites, every effort should be made to utilize these existing
sites as the nucleus for the community recreation park developments.
As an example, if the existing Albert Park site could be expanded
and linked with the Davidson Middle School site, the combined site
could be developed as suitable community recreation and park.
This type of arrangement would also be possible by linking the
Lucas Valley open space, Marinwood Park, Miller Creek School,
Marinwood open space, and Upper Lucas Valley open space properties.
This method of approach should also be considered for the remaining
two proposed community recreation park sites.
3. City-wide Parks and Open Space Areas
City-wide park areas and facilities should be planned and developed
in conjunction with the Open Space Acquisition Program.
The provision of combined City-wide parks and open space areas should
be considered as the third basic element of the long range Recreation
Parks System Plan.
The existing and future land and water areas should be planned for
78
both passive and active use by all residents of the City. Space
within these areas should be provided for the preservation of
natural resources, managed production of resources, public health
and safety, and various outdoor recreational facilities which can-
not be accommodated in the neighborhood or community recreation
parks.
Since the City has retained the services of Duncan and Jones (urban
and environmental planning consultants) to prepare and develop the
open space element of the General Plan, it appears that further
comments should be reserved until a later date.
In the interim, however, it is recommended that the recreational
development standards for open space areas and facilities shown
on Table IX, pages 33/37, be considered when determining the
open space sites to be acquired.
4. Regional Recreation Parks and Recreational Facilities
Regional recreation parks and recreational facilities planned and
developed by other governmental entities within or in close prox-
imity to the San Rafael Planning Area should be encouraged.
Since the provision of regional recreation parks and facilities is
considered as a basic function of the County, State and Federal
governments, no proposals as to additional sites were included in
the scope of this study. However, since these regional areas and
facilities are readily available to serve recreational interests
of all the residents of San Rafael, it is recommended that the
City support and encourage these developments.
In addition, all new developments proposed within the San Rafael
79
Planning Area should be integrated with other elements of the San
Rafael Recreation Park System Plan.
Examination of Table XIII, pages 54/56, shows the Reqional Recreation
Park Resources available to the San Rafael residents.
Play Lots
Play lots for small children (6 - 7 years) should be provided in
high density areas of the City.
Play lots ranging in size from 2,500 square feet to one acre and .
featuring play apparatus, benches and tables, paved area for wheeled
toys, sand -play area, small spray or wading pool, and landscape treat-
ment, should be provided as a substitute backyard only in high density
apartment developments located in various sections of the City.
They should be located within a block's walking distance from the
center of the housing development and accessible to children without
their crossing major streets or thoroughfares to reach the play lot.
Play lots usually require parent supervisors and are expensive to
maintain and administer and, as such, should be provided and main-
tained by the apartment owners and/or tenants' organization.
Vest Pocket or Mini -Parks
Vest Pocket or mini -parks should be provided in neighborhoods
where appropriate.
Vest Pocket parks are usually large vacant lots which have been con-
verted to recreation use. Such parks may become permanent features
in the neighborhood, but should be supportive to adequate open space
for all needed facilities. Vest Pocket parks may serve children
only, or all age groups, depending upon the needs in the neighbor-
hood. These parks may feature childrens' play apparatus, quiet
game areas, multi-purpose game courts and landscaping, if sufficient
space is available.
Vest Pocket parks, like play lots, are expensive to maintain and
administer and should be provided in highly -congested areas where
neighborhood recreation parks are unavailable.
Area Beautification
A program should be developed to beautify major streets, Highway 101
and commercial areas within the planning area.
The City of San Rafael should cooperate with civic. organizations,
service clubs, improvement groups, businessmen, Chamber of Commerce,
County and State agencies, and other interested individuals to pre-
pare plans for beautification of the City. Included in these plans
should be the development of a comprehensive street tree and parkway
master plan program, development of park and landscaped areas along
Francisco Boulevard, and beautification of major off and on ramps
leading to and from the City along Highway 101.
Although it is recognized that the City, Chamber of Commerce and
California State Highway Department have already made some improve-
ments relating to Highway 101, more should be done in this area.
Parkways and Green Belt Areas
A system of pedestrian parkways and/or green belt areas should be
developed wherever possible, to link together the neighborhood
community and City-wide recreation parks and open space areas
within the planning area.
These parkways and/or green belts are needed to provide additional
natural and landscaped open space within the City. These connecting
areas should be reserved for hiking and bicycling and, where appropriate,
horseback riding. The location of these parkways or green belt areas
will require further study. However, they should be coordinated with
existing areas and future recreation park and open space to be
acquired by the City. These parkways and green belts may be obtained
by grant, purchase, lease or development rights. Where possible,
they should be combined with drainage easements and other public
rights-of-way when space is sufficient.
Wherever possible, parkways and/or green belts should be a minimum
of 100 feet wide, landscaped or in their natural state with trees
and shrubs which require a minimum of maintenance. In neighborhood
areas, where practical, care and maintenance should be provided by
homeowners' associations or neighborhood improvement groups.
Civic Parks and Plazas
Civic parks and plazas and/or landscaped areas should be developed
in conjunction with existing and future commercial and industrial
developments within the City.
The San Rafael commercial and industrial areas should be made more
attractive and inviting by creating various small civic parks, plazas
and landscaped areas throughout the concentrated areas of these
developments. They should be designed to provide a more scenic
appearance, as well as rest and relaxation areas for shoppers and
business people. Wherever possible, space for special exhibits,
displays, fashion shows, pre-school nurseries, outdoor restaurants
82
and other related developments should be considered at these
civic parks and plazas.
The San Rafael downtown business district, Montecito Shopping
Center and the business and industrial developments along Francisco
Boulevard are a few examples of areas where such improvements, should
be considered.
Provision of civic parks and plazas within the commercial and
industrial areas can be accomplished through the creation of a
special cooperative planning and development committee, consisting
of representatives from the City, Chamber of Commerce, merchants'
associations and other interested civic groups and organizations.
Bikeway System
A City-wide Bikeway System should be planned and developed in con-
junction with the adopted Marin County Bicycle Plan.
Bikeways are generally divided into three separate classifications
indicated as follows:
a. Bicycle Trail - is a pathway designated for use of bicycles
which are separated from motor vehicular traffic.
b. Bicycle Lane - is a lane in the street, normally the parking
lane, designated for exclusive or semi -exclusive use of bicycles.
Vehicle parking may or may not be allowed. Motorists are allowed,
however, to gain access to driveway and parking facilities.
Separation from vehicular traffic is normally designated by a
painted stripe.
c. Bicycle Route - is usually a shared right-of-way for bicycles
specified by signs and markings. These shared routes should
83
only be developed on roadways with lower speeds and traffic
volume, such as in residential areas.
A prime consideration in the development of a Bikeway System is to
provide safe, convenient and pleasurable cycling throughout the City.
With this in mind, the following planning standards are recommended:
a. Use of bicycle routes should be limited to local residential
streets where low speeds and.traffic volume do not require
traffic separation.
b. Separated bicycle trails and lanes should be provided along
designated collector streets, secondary, primary and major
highways where there are large volumes of traffic which may
create a traffic safety problem.
c. Minimum width of bicycle trails and lanes should be five feet
for one-way bicycle traffic, eight feet for two-way bicycle
traffic, and ten feet to accommodate both pedestrians and
bicycle traffic.
d. Level areas for rest stops along bikeways should be provided
if long grades of six percent or more are unavoidable.
e. Bicycle racks should be provided by both the public and private
entities at destination points along bikeways.
f. A signing program along the bikeway should be provided, giving
directions to major destination points.
g. Signs alerting motorists to bicycle traffic should also be
provided.
The planning, development and maintenance of the proposed City-wide
Bikeway System should be undertaken by the City Public Works
Department, as a transportation function.
84
Community Recreation Centers
Community Recreation Center buildings should be provided at each
community recreation park site.
The provision of indoor recreational facilities which are designed
to serve all ages are essential for the development of a comprehensive
year -around community recreation program.
To meet the recreational facility requirements by 1990, the recreation
parks system plan should include the provision of four community
recreation center buildings. These buildings should be located at
each of the community recreation park areas designated in this study.
It is recognized that there is an existing recreation building at
Marinwood Park which fulfills the requirements at the present time,
but may need expansion at a future date, and that a new recreation
center building is about to be constructed at Albert Park which will
fulfill the requirements for that area. -
Locations of the two remaining recreation center buildings proposed
should be considered in conjunction with future developments at the
McInnis County Park and Glenwood School sites.
Although emphasis is placed upon location of the recreation center
buildings at the community recreation park sites, other smaller
size buildings may be planned and located where appropriate at
the various neighborhood recreation park sites proposed in this study.
Waterfront and Shoreline Areas
Waterfront and shoreline areas should be acquired and developed for
public use.
go
The City of San Rafael should make a concentrated effort to insure
that all remaining undeveloped waterfront and shoreline lands along
the Gallinas Creek, San Rafael Canal, and the San Rafael and San
Pablo Bays are acquired and retained for public open space and
recreational use. These lands are one of.San Rafael's major
natural resources and, -as such, should be considered as an essential
part of the Recreation Parks System Plan.
Although additional study will need to be made of the entire water-
front and shoreline areas to determine their overall significance
to the plan, some proposals can be made at this time.
An aquatic shoreline park should be developed in East San Rafael.
This park should extend from the entrance of the San Rafael Canal
along the entire shoreline south to State Highway 17. This pro-
posed park should include provision of a combination neighborhood
recreation park, plus additional water -oriented recreational facil-
ities along the shoreline and the existing lagoon. When developing
the Master Site Plan for this area, consideration should be given
to incorporating the public utility lands and other existing public
lands as a part of the waterfront park development.
Because of the expense involved in the acquisition and/or develop-
ment of these and other waterfront and shoreline areas, the City
should seek financial assistance and support from the County, State
and Federal governments in the planning, acquisition, development
and maintenance of these waterfront and shoreline areas.
Night Lighting of Areas and Facilities
Night lighting of recreation park areas and facilities should be
provided for their,expanded usage. 86
The provision of night lighting should be considered when upgrading
or planning new recreational areas and facilities, so that residents
may avail themselves of their use after work and during all evening
hours.
Although it is recognized at present that -an energy crisis exists,
it also appears that as a result more residents will be restricting
their recreational travel. This being the case, greater demands
for more local areas and facilities are anticipated to meet their
leisure -time interests and needs.
Night lighting of these areas and facilities will also provide
increased security and protection not.only for the areas and
facilities themselves, but for the users as well.
87
III. OTHER RELATED PROPOSALS
During the course of this study, many individuals and groups were asked
to express their views relative to recreation park areas and facilities
in the City which they felt should be upgraded or improved.
A summary of some of their comments and suggestions appropriate to
this study is briefly outlined as follows:
I. Improvements to Existing School Facilities
1. San Rafael High School Site
a. Add two additional tennis courts and install night lighting
at all courts.
b. Enclose existing handball courts.
c. Turf and landscape northwest parking lot area and add
additional multi -use play fields.
d. Improve landscaping of entire site.
2. Terra Linda High School Site
a. Install night lighting at tennis courts.
b. Enclose existing handball courts.
c. Expand existing gymnasium facilities.
d. Turf and expand play field facilities.
e. Redesign outdoor areas for greater recreational use.
f. Landscape entire site as a park.
3. Davidson Middle School Site
a. Combine Albert Park site with Davidson School site to
provide a large community park school complex.
b. Turf existing play field for multi -sports use.
c. Construct four new tennis courts.
d. Construct public swimming pool.
W
e. Construct complete track facility.
f. Add lighted softball and youth baseball facility.
g. Landscape entire site as park.
4. Vallecito Junior High/Don Timoteo School Sites
a. Develop as neighborhood recreation park school complex.
b. Install night lighting at existing softball/baseball
fields.
c. Construct two additional lighted tennis courts.
d. Construct track facility.
e. Construct recreation center building.
f. Develop children's apparatus area and install play
equipment for tiny tots and elementary school youth.
g. Landscape entire school park site.
5. Santa Venetia Middle School Site
a. Provide swimming pool facility.
b. Construct four lighted tennis courts.
c. Re -turf and develop lighted softball/baseball fields.
d. Develop multi -use turf field for football, soccer, etc.
e. Landscape entire area as a park.
6. Miller Creek Junior High School Site
a. Incorporate Miller Creek facility with existing Marinwood
Park.
b. Refurbish play fields to include lighted softball/baseball
facility.
c. Landscape entire school site as a park.
7. Peacock Gap School Site (undeveloped)
a. Develop as neighborhood recreation park school site.
b. Construct two lighted tennis courts.
c. Provide multi -use play field.
d. Construct multi -use game court area.
e. Landscape entire site as a park.
M.
8. Glenwood Middle School Site (undeveloped)
a. Develop site as a community recreation park school complex.
b. Construct four lighted tennis courts.
c. Provide public swim pool facility.
d. Construct community recreation center building.
e. Develop multi -use play fields.
f. Construct multi -use game court area.
g. Completely landscape entire school site.
9. Sun Valley School Site
a. Refurbish existing turf play area.
b. Construct two lighted tennis courts.
c. Landscape site as a park.
II. Improvements to Existing Recreation Park Sites
1. Albert Park Site
a. Develop site in conjunction with Davidson Middle School
as a community recreation park complex.
b. Construct handball courts.
c. Re -design children's play areas.
d. Re -design and re -landscape area around community recreation
center building site.
2. Victor Jones Park Site
a. Construct hiking trails in undeveloped area.
b. Install additional picnic tables, benches, etc., within
undeveloped area.
c. Link park site with Barbier Memorial Park.
3. Boyd Park
a. Expand park facilities in undeveloped portions of the
park.
b. Develop hiking and nature trails.
c. Construct additional picnic facilities.
d. Re -design and improve existing fish pond.
Although many of the above comments and suggestions have been
repeated i.n the preceding portions of this -study, it is interesting
to note that the comments and suggestions expressed do relate to
the conclusions reached in this study.
CONCLUSION
It is hopeful that the information contained in this study will
serve as a major instrument in guiding the orderly and intelligent
planning and development of a comprehensive system of recreation
park areas and facilities which will adequately meet the existing
and future leisure -time interests and needs of all citizens, young
and old alike, residing within the City of San Rafael Planning Area.
91
RECREATION
PARKS
MASTER
PLAN
EXISTING NEIGHBORHOOD
RECREATION PARK AREAS
PROPOSED NEIGHBORHOOD
/ RECREATION PARK AREAS
PROPOSED COMMUNITY
RECREATION PARK AREAS
PROPOSED SHORELINE
PARK AREAS
EXISTING PUBLIC RECREATION
PARK SITES
EXISTING PUBLIC SCHOOL SITES
MAP PREPARED BY
PLANNING DEPARTMENT
CITY OF
SAN RAFAEL
2
- PLANNING AREA BOUNDARY
/Pi
Q
KI LSE
0 � Z 3 i t fi tl 9 i0
FEET ITeaus on Osl
NAYi L TO4
Aiq F09CE
EA]E
RECREATION PARKS MASTER PLAN
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9� 0
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I
I
1
1
MAP 4
92
BIBLIOGRAPHY
A. BOOKS
The Athletic Institute. Planning Areas & Facilities for Health,
Physical Education and Recreation, Washington,
Butler, George. School -City Cooperation in Planning of Recreation
Areas and Faci� 1i New York: National Recreation Association,
1953•
Carlson, Reynold. Recreation In American Life. Belmont, California:
Wadsworth Publishing Company, Inc., 19
6-3
Gabrielsen, M. Alexander, and. Caswell M. Miles. Sports and Recreation
Facilities for School and Community. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey:
Prentice -Hall, Inc., 195•
Meyer, Harold, and Charles Brightbill. Recreation Administration A_ Guide
to Its Practices. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice -Hall, Inc.,
1956.
Municipal Recreation Administration. (Fourth Edition) Chicago:
The International City Managers' Association, 1960.
B. PUBLICATIONS OF THE GOVERNMENT, LEARNED SOCIETIES, AND
OTHER ORGANIZATIONS
American Association for Health, Physical Education and Recreation.
"Twentieth Century Recreation", A Report of the Second National
Conference on School Recreation. Washington, D.C., 1962.
American Society of Planning Officials. Standards for Outdoor Rec-
reational Areas. Report No. 194, Chicago, Ill., 195.
California Committee on Planning for Recreation, Park Areas and Facil-
ities. Guide for Planning Recreation Parks in California: State
of California Recreation Commission, 19
City of Berkeley Planning Commission. Berkeley Long Range Park and
Recreation Plan, 1957•
City of Stockton Planning Commission. Stockton Parks and Recreation
Plan, 1972.
Duncan & Jones -Ribera & Sue. Santa Cruz County Parks, Recreation and
Open Space Program, Phase I, 1971.
Marin County Planning Department. Parks and Recreation Plan 1990, 1965.
Marin County Planning Department. The Marin County -wide Plan (Interim
Document), 1973•
93
BIBLIOGRAPHY (Cont'd)
National Recreation and Park Association. National Park Recreation
and Open Space Standards. Washington, D.C., 1971.
William Spangle S Associates -Dan Coleman Associates. A General Plan
for the City of San Rafael, 1966.
State of California Recreation Commission. Public Recreation and
Parks in California, Principles and Current Practices. Sacramento,
California: State of California Recreation Commission, 1957•
94