HomeMy WebLinkAboutPD Joint SWAT Team and Joint Crisis Negotiation Team ServicesMEMORANDUM OF UNDERSTANDING BY AND AMONG THE CITY
OF SAN RAFAEL, THE CITY OF NOVATO, THE CENTRAL MARIN
POLICE AUTHORITY AND THE CITY OF MILL VALLEY FOR JOINT
SPECIAL WEAPONS AND TACTICS (SWAT) TEAM AND JOINT CRISIS
NEGOTIATION TEAM (CNT) SERVICES
THIS MEMORANDUM OF UNDERSTANDING ("MOU") is entered into this
d day of September , 2025, by and among the CITY OF SAN RAFAEL, a California
charter city ("SAN RAFAEL" sometimes herein), the CITY OF NOVATO, a California general
law city ("NOVATO" sometimes herein), the CENTRAL MARIN POLICE AUTHORITY, a
California joint powers agency ("CENTRAL MARIN" sometimes herein), and the CITY OF
MILL VALLEY, a California general law city ("MILL VALLEY", sometimes herein),
hereinafter collectively referred to as "the Parties".
RECITALS
A The Parties to this MOU share common demands for police responses to high-
risk/critical incidents which require the specialized attention of a team specifically trained
in highly volatile circumstances and incidents.
B. The Parties have long recognized that mutual aid and cooperation in response to
critical incidents can be enhanced, and made more flexible and effective, by combining
resources for critical response unit purposes.
C. The Parties now desire to formally establish roles and responsibilities for shared
special weapons and tactics and crisis negotiation services by entering into a
memorandum of understanding setting forth such roles and responsibilities.
NOW, THEREFORE, the Parties hereby agree as follows:
1. PURPOSE AND INTENT
The Parties recognize that the presence of a highly -trained and skilled police operations
unit has been shown to aid in the peaceful ending of critical incidents and to reduce the risk of
injury or loss of life to citizens, police officers, and suspects. It also is recognized that a well-
managed "team" response to critical incidents usually results in successful resolution of those
events. Toward this end, it is the desire and the intent of the Parties to join forces and pool
resources to provide an integrated operations unit consisting of both a Special. Weapons and
Tactics ("SWAT") team and a Crisis Negotiation Team ("CNT"). These two combined teams are
hereinafter referred to as the Marin Regional Crisis Response Unit (hereinafter the "MRCRU" or
the "CRU".) The CRU will serve all four of the Parties' communities to resolve critical incidents
which may arise. The CRU may also from time to time be called upon as a resource for incidents
outside its jurisdictions.
2. PARTICIPATION
This MOU is voluntary in nature and none of the Parties is under any obligation to
respond to a request for tactical unit services that it is unable to fulfill due to lack of staffing, lack
of resources or other circumstances. -However, the Parties will make reasonable efforts to
accommodate all requests for service as well as to attend all scheduled SWAT Team training
sessions and CNT training sessions. Personnel appointed to the SWAT Team shall attend a basic
SWAT Team training course as soon as practicable, but not more than one year from the date of
appointment to the SWAT Team. Personnel appointed to the CNT shall attend a basic crisis
negotiation training course as soon as practicable,- but not more than one year from the date of
appointment to the CNT.
3. SWAT TEAM POSITIONS
Each Party agrees to commit sworn staff to the SWAT Team. The target number of sworn
staff committed to the SWAT Team is a total of thirty (30) personnel. SAN RAFAEL. NOVATO
and CENTRAL MARIN/MILL VALLEY each shall endeavor to assign ten (10) officers to the
SWAT Team, including a Team Leader and Assistant Team Leader from each Party. CENTRAL
MARIN and MILL VALLEY shall endeavor to assign ten (10) officers combined to the SWAT
Team, due to the size of their agencies relative to SAN RAFAEL and NOVATO.
The following leadership positions (hereinafter "Leadership Positions') shall constitute
the SWAT Team chain of command:
(a) 3 CRU Commanders holding the rank of captain;
(b) 3 Tactical Commanders holding the rank of lieutenant or above;
(c) 3 Team Leaders; and
(d) 3 Assistant Team Leaders.
The Tactical Commanders or SWAT Team Leaders shall conduct monthly SWAT
training. All tactical officers must maintain minimum levels of physical fitness and satisfactorily
complete semi-annual fitness testing in accordance with established SWAT standards.
4. CRISIS NEGOTIATION TEAM POSITIONS
Each Party agrees to commit members to the CNT. The target number of members is for
SAN RAFAEL, NOVATO and CENTRAL MARIN/MILL VALLEY to each assign five (5)
members to the CNT. CENTRAL MARIN and MILL VALLEY will assign five (5) members
combined, due to the size of their agencies relative to SAN RAFAEL and NOVATO.
The following leadership positions (hereinafter "Leadership Positions") shall constitute
the CNT chain of command:
(a) 3 CRU Commanders holding the rank of captain;
(b) 3 CNT Commanders holding the rank of lieutenant or above;
(c) 3 Team Leaders; and
(d) 3 Assistant Team Leaders.
The CNT Commanders or CNT Team Leaders shall conduct quarterly CNT training.
5. CALL -OUT CRITERIA
The CRU will respond to critical incidents at the request of the Chiefs of Police or their
designee, as defined in Section 7. Incident Commanders from SAN RAFAEL, NOVATO and
CENTRAL MARIN will have the authority to call out the CRU. The Chiefs of Police or their
designee must authorize any deployment of the SWAT Team and/or CNT for planned events
unless the situation requires a prompt response without sufficient time to obtain prior
authorization. The Chiefs of Police or their designee may activate any team for unplanned events
or rapidly -developing critical incidents. Critical incidents may include, but are not limited to, the
following:
(a) Hostage Situations: The holding of any person(s) against their will by an armed or
potentially armed suspect;
(b) Barricaded Subjects: The stand-off created by an armed or potentially armed
suspect in any location, whether fortified or not, who is refusing to comply with police demands
to surrender;
(c) Sniper Situations: The firing upon citizens and/or police by an armed suspect,
whether stationary or mobile;
(d) High -Risk Apprehension: The arrest or apprehension of armed or potentially
armed suspects where the likelihood of armed resistance is high;
(e) High -Risk Warrant service: The service of search or arrest warrants where there is
a high potential of encountering armed persons; and
(i) Special Assignments: Any assignment approved by the Chiefs of Police or their
designee, at the request of a law enforcement agency, based upon a high threat level or tactical
requirement.
The SWAT and CNT units will provide the Parties' Police Department supervisors with a
standardized "Deployment Matrix" to assist them in determining if a SWAT and/or CNT call -out
is appropriate.
6. CALL -OUT PROCEDURE
The Watch Commander/Incident Commander for the activating Party will evaluate the
situation to determine if the incident necessitates a SWAT and/or CNT call -out. If a SWAT and/or
CNT call -out response is appropriate and necessary, the Communications Center for the
activating Party will be notified. The activating Party's Communications Center will initiate a
call -out page to the other Parties' SWAT and/or CNT gams, and will also notify their
Communication Centers.
The Parties Communication Centers will initiate a SWAT and/or CNT call -out page
consistent with current operational procedures.
7. COMMAND AND CONTROL
All members of the CRU assigned to any high-risk/critical incident or any training
exercise shall be subject to the chain of command of the Tactical Commanders and the CNT
Commanders.
The Chief of Police (or designee) of the Party with jurisdiction over the location of the
critical incident shall be responsible for the overall command of the incident ("Incident
Commander"). The Tactical Commanders and the CNT Commanders will serve as part of the
Incident Command staff in all jurisdictions and will directly oversee the operational control of
the CRU. The Tactical Commanders and the CNT Commanders are responsible for the actual
deployment of the SWAT Team and the CNT, tactical decision making and tactical resolution of
the incident, with approval of the Incident Commander.
Each Party will respond to requests for CRU services in all participating jurisdictions as
promptly and fully as practical, based on established response criteria; however the Chief of
Police of each Party may accept or decline the services of the CRU or may withdraw his or her
members from the CRU for any reason.
8. COSTS AND EXPENSES
Each Party will be responsible for all personnel costs and obligations associated with the
staff members it assigns to the CRU, including costs associated with salary and benefits,
overtime, training, and workers' compensation.
Each Party will be responsible for the costs of all necessary individual pieces of tactical
equipment and weapon(s) issued to its SWAT Team members by that Party for use during SWAT
Team training and deployment.
Each Party will, if necessary, be responsible for costs for replacing consumable CRU
team supplies used during a CRU deployment in its jurisdiction. Each Party will be furnishing
equipment, vehicles, and other personal property, that is owned by that Party, to the CRU for the
purposes of enabling the CRU to perform the terms of this MOU. Each Party shall continue to
hold an ownership interest in the equipment, vehicles, and other personal property furnished by it
to members of the CRU during any and all times that such equipment, vehicles and property are
within the possession of other Parties' personnel Each Party shall remain financially responsible
for all equipment, vehicles, and property furnished to the CRU that is owned by it. Parties may
only transfer ownership of, or jointly acquire property for the use of the CRU, if a written
agreement is entered into between the Parties for that express purpose.
9. TRAMING
The Parties agree that a regular training program will be developed and maintained to
ensure the operational efficiency and tactical effectiveness of the SWAT Team and the CNT.
Given the nature of the missions associated with this assignment the training protocol shall serve
to develop and maintain SWAT Team and CNT member skills. The SWAT Team will train in the
use of specialized weapons and equipment, and the maintenance of effective team tactics and
communication skills among members. _
The Tactical Commanders and CNT Commanders will establish a regular training
schedule commensurate with POST guidelines for the level of team to be maintained. It is also
recognized that attending periodic conferences and competition events in conjunction with
annual training may be necessary to maintain an effective and cohesive CRU.
10. REPORTS
It is understood and agreed that the Party having jurisdiction over the location of the
tactical response incident shall complete any and all necessary criminal, investigative, and/or
reporting documents required as a result of the incident. Each Party agrees to make all of its
officers participating as CRU members in an incident, available to testify in all related criminal
and/or civil proceedings arising out of such incident at no expense to any other Party.
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11. PERSONNEL COMPLAINT PROCEDURE
In the event a citizen complaint of improper conduct is lodged against a member of the
CRU, or a complaint or allegation of misconduct is internally -generated, the Party employing
said member will be responsible for investigating such complaint with the cooperation of all
members of the CRU. In the event that a complaint concerns officers from multiple jurisdictions,
the involved Parties agree to cooperate in and coordinate any administrative investigation(s).
12. INDEMNITY AND LIMITATION OF LIABILITY
(a) In assigning personnel to the CRU, or while performing under this MOU, or while
participating in CRU training, each Party shall consider any such assignment,
deployment, or training an act of "mutual aid" in assistance of a law enforcement agency
pursuant and subject to the protections and immunities of California Government Code
Sections 55632 and $5634.
(b) The Party whose Police Department requests CRU assistance shall indemnify, hold
harmless, and defend all other Parties to this MOU from any claims or liabilities that may
arise out of the implementation of a tactical plan as described herein if (l) the request for
CRU response was authorized by the requesting Police Department's Chief of Police or
his or her designee; (2) the CRU Commander approved the response by the CRU; (3) a
tactical plan was communicated to the requesting Police Department Incident
Commander or his or her designee by the CRU Commander; (4) the requesting Police
Department Incident Commander or his or her designee approved the tactical plan; and
(5) the conduct of the CRU was in compliance with the approved tactical plan.
(c) In any and all other circumstances apart from the implementation of the CRU tactical
plan as set forth in Paragraph 12 (b) above, each Party shall be responsible for the acts,
errors, or omissions of its own assigned officers and members and shall incur any
liabilities arising out of the services and activities of those officers and members, while
participating in the CRU.
(d) The Parties hereto (each an "indemnifying Party") each further agree to defend,
indemnify and hold harmless the other Parties, and the other Parties' officers, members,
agents and employees (collectively, "Indemnified Parties'), against any and all claims,
liabilities, injuries or damages caused by the intentional or negligent acts, errors or
omissions of the Indemnifying Party's own officers, members, employees, agents or
representatives in connection with their performance and duties under this MOU. The
duty to indemnify and hold harmless shall include the duty to defend as set forth in
California Civil Code Section 2778. In the event of concurrent negligence or liability of
the Parties' officers, members, employees, agents or representatives, liability shall be
apportioned between the Parties under the doctrine of comparative fault as established
under California law.
(e) Except as set forth in Paragraph 12 (b) above, no Party shall be responsible for the acts,
errors, or omissions of another Party's officers, members, agents, or employees, nor incur
any liabilities arising out of the services and activities of another Party's officers,
members, agents, or employees.
(f) Nothing in this MOU shall be read as waiving or limiting any defense to claims of
liability otherwise available to law enforcement officers, fire personnel, andlor public
employees, such as the defense of qualified immunity. Nothing in this MOU sha11 be read
as intending to create or create a higher duty of care on the part of any Party or its officers
or members than otherwise would exist under existing law and the involved Party's own
policies, practices, and procedures.
(g) Personnel assigned to perform services for the CRU shall be deemed to be continuing
under the employment of their respective employers, and shall continue to have the same
powers, duties, privileges, responsibilities, and immunities as are conferred upon them as
peace officers or fire personnel or other members or employees in their own jurisdictions.
13. NOTICES
Notices and communications between the Parties shall be sufficiently given if provided
by fust -class mail, personal delivery or email to the other Parties' Chiefs of Police at the
addresses below:
CITY OF SAN RAFAEL;
CENTRAL MARIN POLICE AUTHORITY:
David C. Spiller, Chief of Police
Mike Norton, Chief of Police
San Rafael Police Department
Central Marin Police Authority
1375 Fifth Avenue
250 Doherty Drive
San Rafael, CA 94901
Larkspur, CA 94939
661@srpd.org
MNorton@centralmarinpolice.org
CITY OF NOVATO:
Jim Naugle, Chief of Police
Novato Police Department
909 Machin Avenue
Novato, CA 94945
JNaugle@novato.org
CITY OF MILL VALLEY:
Rick Navarro, Chief of Police
Mill Valley Police Department
I Hamilton Drive
Mill Valley, CA 94941
RNavmo@cityofmillvalley.org
14. TERMINATION
Any Party may withdraw from this MOU, without cause, upon giving all other Parties at
least thirty (30) days written notice thereof.
15. THIRD PARTIES
This MOU shall not be construed as or deemed to be an agreement for the benefit of any
third party or parties, and no third party or parties shall have a right of action hereunder for any
cause whatsoever.
16. DISPUTE RESOLUTION
Should any disagrecmcnt or dispute among the Parties arise concerning interpretation,
implementation and/or enforcement of any of the terms or subject matter of this MOU, the
Parties shall submit such dispute to mandatory mediation before an agreed-upon mediator, each
Party to pay an equal share of the mediation fees and each Party to pay its own attorneys' fees
and legal costs. Should the Parties be unable to agree upon a mediator, they shall agree upon a
mediation service and shall have that service select a mediator for them. Should mediation be
unsuccessful, then the Parties each agree that they shall submit their dispute to binding
arbitration before a mutually -agreeable arbitrator. If they cannot agree upon an arbitrator, they
shall select an arbitration service which shall select an arbitrator for them. The Parties each shall
pay an equal portion of the arbitration fees and each Party shall pay its own attorneys' fees and
legal costs, it hereby being agreed that the arbitrator shall have no authority to award attorneys'
fees or costs to any prevailing Party. The Parties each hereby expressly waive any and all rights
to have disputes under this Agreement decided by court action, court trial, jury trial or any other
legal action of any kind or type, other than the mandatory mediation and binding arbitration
process specified above. However, in emergency or extraordinary circumstances, the Parties may
seek equitable or injunctive relief to preserve the status quo pending occurrence of the
mediation/arbitration process specified above. It is the express intent of each of the parties hereto
to have any and all disputes under this Agreement resolved by the above specified
mediation/arbitration process and in as timely and economical manner as possible.
17. AMENDMENTS
This Agreement shall not be amended or modified at any time and in any respect
whatsoever except in writing and by all parties hereto. The Parties each agree that they will make
no claim at any time that this Agreement has been orally amended or modified, and each agrees
that no oral waiver, amendment or modification shall be effective for any purpose.
18. SEVERABILITY
Should any provision of this Agreement be determined by any court to be illegal or
invalid, the validity of the remaining parts, terms or provisions shall not be affected thereby, and
said illegal or invalid part, term or provision shall be deemed not to be part of this Agreement.
19. GOVERNING LAW
This Agreement is made and entered into within the State of California, and shall in all
respects be interpreted, enforced and governed under the laws of the State of California. The
language of all parts of this Agreement shall in all cases be construed as a whole, according to its
fair meaning, and not strictly for or against any Party. Venue for any arbitration or other legal
proceeding arising out of this Agreement shall be the County of Marin, California
20. PARTIES' REPRESENTATIONS
Each Party represents and acknowledges that, in executing this Agreement, it does not
rely, and has not relied, upon any representation or statement made by any of the other Parties'
agents, representatives or attorneys with regard to the subject matter, basis or facts of this
Agreement or otherwise.
21. BINDING UPON SUCCESSORS
This Agreement shall be binding upon the parties and their heirs, administrators,
representatives, executors, successors and assigns, and shall inure to the benefit of the Parties,
and each of them, and to their heirs, administrators, representatives, executors, successors and
assigns.
22. EFFECTIVE DATE & SIGNATURES
The effective date of this MOU is the date set forth in the first paragraph hereof, once the
MOU is fully executed by each of the Parties' representatives set forth below. Electronic
signatures of the below signatories shall have the same force and binding effect as original
signatures.
CITY OF SAN RAFAEL
By:__ .
Cristine lilovich, City Manager
Attest:
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Lindsay Lara, City Clerk
App ve As To Fonm�
_ _ _
Robert Epstein, City Attorney
CENTRAL MARIN POLICE
AUTHORITY
CITY OF NOVATO
By:_ am, Cwt
Amy Cunningham, City Manager
By. �By:
Adam Wolff, Executive Manager
Attest:
*P
"tore na arrera, Authority Clerk
Ap oved As To Form:
Thomas Beffrand, General Counsel
Attest:
Laura McDowell, City Clerk
Approved As To Form:
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Gary Bell, eity Attorney
CITY OF MILL VALLEY
I bu `,txSiuhauM
Todd Cusimano, City Manager
Attest:
Risa De Ferrari, City Clerk
Approved As To Form
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Inder Khalsa, City Attorney